Toxicogenomic profiling in maternal and fetal rodent brains following gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos
Estefânia Gastaldello MoreiraXiaozhong YuJoshua F. RobinsonW.C. GriffithSung Woo HongRichard P. BeyerTheo K. BammlerElaine M. Faustman
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KEGG
Neurotoxicity
Cadmium chloride
Danio
Cholinesterase
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Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity level can be used as a diagnostic marker for anticholinesterase pesticide poisoning. In this study, we aimed to establish a baseline level of normal brain AChE activity in wild birds. AChE activity was measured in the brains of 87dead wild birds (26 species). The level of AChE activity ranged from 6.40 to 15.9 µmol/min/g of brain tissue in normal wild birds. However, the brain tissue AChE activity level in wild birds exposed to organophosphate (OP) pesticide was 48.0%-96.3% of that in the normal birds. These results may serve as reference values to facilitate routine diagnosis and monitoring of OP-poisoned wild birds.
Brain tissue
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Objective To investigate the changes of acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity in brain,blood and plasma after single dose administration of donepezil.Methods Sixty-four mice were divided into eight groups: normal control(0.9 % NaCl,0.2 mL /10 g,test at 2 h) and donepezil(0.625 mg/kg;test at 0.5,1,2,4,8,12 and 24 h,respectively) groups.Blood and brain assays were collected at the fixed-point of time after oral administration.The AChE activity and the content of protein were measured by AChE test kits and protein test kits respectively.Results The AChE activity in brain of 2 h group showed significant decreased(P0.05).Others showed no difference(P0.05).Conclusion Single dose(0.625 mg/kg) of donepezil can reduce AChE activity in brain after oral administration 2 h,but not in blood and plasma.
Cholinesterase
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Objective To observe the effects CUMS on the activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in sub regions of brain in different aged rat. Methods Immunohistochemistry was applied to investigate the activity of AchE in prefrontal, hippocampus, striatum and inferior calculus of old ,middle and young rats on chronic unpredictable mild stress from 21 days. Results There was greater change in the AchE expression than in the control group(P0.05). Conclusions CUMS can induce significant increase of AchE expression in sub regions of brain in different aged rat.
Chronic Stress
Expression (computer science)
Adult male
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BACKGROUNDAIM: The study investigated the effect of tributyltin(TBT)on the activities of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)in brain of rats.The possible relationship between AChE and the toxicity of TBT was discussed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 48SD rats were divided randomly into4groups,12rats in each group.Experimental groups received0.1,1or10mg/kg TBT by oral gavage and same volume olive oil was given to control group(0mg/kg TBT).The brain tissues were obtained from4rats in each group at the4th,8th and12th day and the AChE activities were measured. RESULTS: TBT exposure could lead to AChE activity elevation in rat brains,and in a dose_related and time_depending manner. CONCLUSION: The increase of AChE activity could possibly be related to the neurotoxicity of TBT.
Neurotoxicity
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아세틸콜린에스터라아제(AChE) 저해제에 의한 아세틸콜린 분해 억제는 알츠하이머 질병의 가장 확실한 치료 방법 중의 하나로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 최근 웰빙 건강 소재로 각광을 받고 있는 과일과 채소로부터 새로운 AChE 저해제를 개발하여 항치매 식품이나 대체 의약품 생산에 응용하기 위해 과일과 채소로부터 AChE 저해 활성이 우수한 시료를 선별하고, AChE 저해 물질의 추출조건을 최적화하였다. AChE 저해 활성은 호두의 메탄올 추출물에서 72.6%(IC50=14.2㎍)로 가장 높았고, 호두의 AChE 저해 물질은 80% 메탄올로 40℃에서 12시간 동안 처리하였을 때 가장 많이 추출되었다.
IC50
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To study the selection, reversibility, and kinetics of suberogorgin (Sub) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE).The human plasma was used as butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The activity of ChE was determined with colorimetry.Sub obviously inhibited the AChE in vitro with pl50 4.03, 4.92, 3.82, and 4.67 in RBC membranes (of rat and human) and tissue extracts (of rat brain and earthworm dorsal muscle), respectively. No inhibition on BuChE was observed. The inhibition of Sub on AChE was far lower than that of physostigmine, but was close to that of galanthamine. Sub decreased the AChE activity to the lowest within 3 min after it was incubated with AChE. Centrifugalization washing reactivated the AChE which had been inhibited by Sub. The double-reciprocal plots of different concentrations of Sub on AChE showed parallel lines.Sub was a selective, reversible, and contra-competetive inhibitor of AChE at the binding site on the peripheral anion region of AChE.
Butyrylcholinesterase
Cholinesterase
Physostigmine
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Mouse brain homogenates, mouse RBC, immobilized enzyme of pig brain, and human RBC were chosen as source of AChE, AChE activities were determined by colorimetric and gasometric methods. Cycloguanide phenylsulfone (CGP) exerted a moderate inhibitory effect on AChE. The pI50 (negative logarithm of molar concentration causing 50% inhibition of AChE) towards AChE in mouse RBC and brain were 5.75 and 5.50, respectively. The binding potency to AChE was very loose. The AChE inhibition was easily reversed by washing. It showed that CGP belonged to the contra-competitive AChE inhibitor.
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