The biofilm matrix of Pseudomonas sp. OX1 grown on phenol is mainly constituted by alginate oligosaccharides
Serena LeoneAntonio MolinaroFabiana AlfieriValeria CafaroRosa LanzettaAlberto Di DonatoMichelangelo Parrilli
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Matrix (chemical analysis)
Pseudomonadales
Two strains of soil bacteria, Pseudomonas cepacia and Pseudomonas alcaligenes, which degrade herbicides have been isolated. Both contain plasmids whose presence is correlated with the capacity to metabolise phenylcarbamates. Successive subculturing in the absence of herbicide or curing my mitomycin C leads to the loss of small plasmids from both strains associated with modifications in herbicide degradation. Further, the level of the smallest plasmid of P. cepacia increases when CIPC is the sole carbon source. This plasmid hybridises to several larger molecular species, suggesting a certain degree of structural rearrangement in response to the presence of the herbicide.
Alcaligenes
Pseudomonadales
Degradation
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Phenols, widely used in Industries, are of growing concern owing to their high toxicity, carcinogenicity and wide distribution in Industrial wastes. In the present study, one Pseudomonas isolate, identified as Pseudomonas spp. was obtained using the enrichment process with 2,4,6- Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) as a sole carbon source. This isolate was found to be able to degrade phenol. The ability of Pseudomonas spp. isolate to remove phenol from a Industrial effluent was tested by a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results indicated that this isolate metabolized phenol in the meta-pathway. The optimal phenol degradation conditions of Pseudomonas spp. isolate were at pH 7.2 and 30oC. At the 160 mg/l of phenol concentration, the highest specific degradation rate was observed. Further increase in phenol concentration slowed down the degradation ability of the isolate. However, the supplementation of 1% glucose stimulated the growth of Pseudomonas spp. isolate and enhanced the ability to utilize phenol from the sample. Visible spectrophotometer results show that 70.70% of phenol in the effluent sample was metabolized after 50 days. In conclusion, pseudomonas spp. isolated in this study has ability of utilizing phenol compounds and demonstrates its potentials of degrading high concentration of phenol in Industrial effluents.
Degradation
Industrial effluent
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Pseudomonadales
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The Minitek disc system was utilized for the differentiation of Pseudomonas pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, from Ps. cepacia. The system was simple to use, inexpensive, and furnished rapid, clear‐cut test results after 4 h. This procedure is suitable for differentiating soil bacteria presumptively identified as Ps. pseudomallei, Ps. cepacia or flavobacteria, and for the rapid confirmation of the presumptive identification of either Ps. pseudomallei or Ps. cepacia obtained by commercial identification‐kit systems in the clinical laboratory.
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Pseudomonadales
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In iron-deficient conditions of growth Pseudomonas cepacia ATCC 25416 excreted both pyochelin and a low-molecular-mass compound which strongly chelated iron(III), and facilitated iron translocation as demonstrated by growth and uptake experiments. The name cepabactin is proposed for this new siderophore. Comparisons of UV-visible spectra and chromatographic behaviour, together with 1H-NMR spectra, led to the conclusion that cepabactin is 1-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone, a compound which can be considered as a cyclic hydroxamate, but also as a heterocyclic analogue of catechol. This pyridinone has already been described by other workers as an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and by a soil isolate closely related to Pseudomonas cepacia. Thus, cepabactin appears to act as a siderophore for more than one species of non-fluorescent pseudomonad.
Catechol
Alcaligenes
Pyoverdine
Pseudomonadales
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ix INTRODUCTION .. . . • 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 7 Organisms . . . . . 7 Culture Media and Methods • ' • . ' • • • • • * ........ .. * . . . 8 Glassware .. . e 8 DDW Supplements • . • . » » .. » • c 9 Growth Studies . . . . . . 10 Electron Microscopy . . . . . 13 Water Analysis 14 RESULTS 15 Isolation and Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . . 15 Growth of Naturally Occurring (NO) and Subcultured (SC). Pseudomonas aeruginosa in DDW . 15 Growth of Pseudomonas cepacia in DDW and DDW Supplemented with Organic Compounds „ . 17 Determination of the Optimal Glycine Concentration for the Growth of Pseudomonas c e p a c i a 17 Growth of Pseudomonas cepacia in DDW supplemented with (NH4)2204, MgS04 and K2-KH2PO4 . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 The Role of Oxygen in the Growth of Pseudomonas cepacia . . . . 23 Effect of Temperature on the Growth of Naturally Occurring (NO) and Subcultured (SC) Pseudomonas cepacia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Effect of Cultural Conditions and Time on the Motility of Pseudomonas cepacia 28 Water Analysis . . . . . . . . . y. . . . . . . . 30 Effect of Chlorine on the Viability of Pseudomonas cepacia 30
Pseudomonadales
Distilled water
Bacterial growth
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Biphenyl
Strain (injury)
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Enrichment culture
Pseudomonadales
Degradation
Isolation
Bacterial strain
Carbon source
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Strains of Pseudomonas cepacia and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from soil by direct enrichment with chlorinated toluenes contained plasmids of approx.72 mdaltons which encoded for chlorotoluene degradation. Restriction analyses indicated that these plasmids, though of similar size, are not identical. Unlike Ps. putida mt-2 (TOL), strains used in this investigation did not utilize the meta-cleavage pathway for toluene catabolism. In addition, both the Ps. cepacia and and Pseudomonas spp. exhibit an increased range of activity on mono- and dichloronated toluenes and benzoates. The Ps. cepacia and Pseudomonas spp. were compared also with known toluene-degrading pseudomonads at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels to gain insight into the development of catabolic plasmids and to explore the potential of such microorganisms to degrade toxic organic compounds. 30 references, 2 figures, 3 tables.
Pseudomonas putida
Pseudomonadales
Catabolism
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Soil samples were screened to select microorganisms with the capability to oxidize organic sulfides into the corresponding sulfoxides with differential enantioselectivities. Several bacterial strains that preferentially produced the S-configured sulfoxide enantiomer were isolated. Surprisingly, one bacterial strain, genotypically and phenotypically characterized as Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis, selectively gave the R enantiomer. The finding that two apparently identical organisms displayed opposite enantioselectivities is novel for non-genetically modified organisms.
Pseudomonadales
Strain (injury)
Sulfoxide
Enantiomeric excess
Bacterial strain
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Two strains of soil bacteria, Pseudomonas cepacia and Pseudomonas alcaligenes, which degrade herbicides have been isolated. Both contain plasmids whose presence is correlated with the capacity to metabolise phenylcarbamates. Successive subculturing in the absence of herbicide or curing my mitomycin C leads to the loss of small plasmids from both strains associated with modifications in herbicide degradation. Further, the level of the smallest plasmid of P. cepacia increases when CIPC is the sole carbon source. This plasmid hybridises to several larger molecular species, suggesting a certain degree of structural rearrangement in response to the presence of the herbicide.
Alcaligenes
Pseudomonadales
Degradation
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