The Effect of Intermittent Lighting on Growth, Feed:Gain Ratio, and Abdominal Fat Content of Broiler Chickens of Various Genotypes and Sex
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Intermittent lighting (IL) regimens were tested for rearing broiler chickens from 2 to 7 weeks of age. In Experiments 1 and 2, the effects of 6 cycles of light (L) and darkness (D) of 1L:3D vs. 12 cycles of .25L:1.75 D were compared on the performance of 2400 broiler chickens. Eight genotypes of 5170 mixed-sex broilers were used to compare effects of 6 cycles of 1L:3D vs. 1 cycle per day of 23.5L:.5D on broiler performance (Experiment 3). The sexes responded differently to two IL regimens in Experiment 1. Males had higher body weight, feed intake, and abdominal fat content with 1L:3D; in females, there was no difference in body weight or feed intake, but abdominal fat content was lower with 1L:3D regimen. In Experiment 2, no significant effect of lighting regimen on broiler performance was observed. In Experiment 3, most genotypes had lower feed intake and abdominal fat content for 1L:3D than for 23.5L:.5D, but response of weight gain was variable; one genotype had higher feed intake and another genotype had higher fat content with 1L:3D. It was concluded that sex and genotype should be considered in planning the use of IL techniques for broiler chickens.Keywords:
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One hundred and eighty day-old broilers were used to investigate the response of broilers to skip-a-day feeding regime. Broiler chicks were either fed ad libitium or subjected to 1,2,3,4 or 5 week skip-a-day feeding thereafter fed ad libitium to market age. Result at market age showed that feed intake was significantly reduced (P0.025) while weight gain and feed to gain ratio were not significantly affected (P>0.05, P>0.025) by skip-a-day feeding. Skip-a-day feeding did not affect mortality of broilers (P>0.05), P>0.025). Protein retention, fat retention and fibre utilization were comparable for broilers in all treatments (P>0.05, P>0.025). Abdominal fat pad was significantly reduced (P
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The effect of limited feeding on growth performance and carcass traits of broiler chicken was studied in this paper.The results showed that limited feeding treatments significantly reduced the average daily gain,feed conversion rate,body weight of 5~8 weeks-old chicken,abdominal fat weight and percentage of abdominal fat(P0.05) in comparison with the check(no feed restriction).Feed restriction could enhance the spleen index of broiler chicken,in this aspect,the effect of energy restriction treatment was better than that of the check.
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Abstract 1. The effects of a mixture of 12 Lactobacillus strains (LC) on the growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens were studied from 1 to 42 d of age. 2. One hundred and thirty-six 1-d-old male broiler chicks were assigned at random to two dietary treatments: a basal diet (control), and a basal diet with 0·1% LC. 3. The supplementation of LC in broiler diets improved the body weight gain and feed conversion rate from 1 to 42 d of age and was effective in reducing abdominal fat deposition but only after 28 d of age. 4. The LC diets reduced serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides in broilers from 21 to 42 d of age. However, there was no significant difference in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol between control and LC-fed broilers. There was also no significant difference in the weights of organs of control and LC-fed broilers. 5. The results indicated that the mixture of 12 Lactobacillus strains have a hypolipidaemic effect on broilers.
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Intermittent lighting (IL) regimens were tested for rearing broiler chickens from 2 to 7 weeks of age. In Experiments 1 and 2, the effects of 6 cycles of light (L) and darkness (D) of 1L:3D vs. 12 cycles of .25L:1.75 D were compared on the performance of 2400 broiler chickens. Eight genotypes of 5170 mixed-sex broilers were used to compare effects of 6 cycles of 1L:3D vs. 1 cycle per day of 23.5L:.5D on broiler performance (Experiment 3). The sexes responded differently to two IL regimens in Experiment 1. Males had higher body weight, feed intake, and abdominal fat content with 1L:3D; in females, there was no difference in body weight or feed intake, but abdominal fat content was lower with 1L:3D regimen. In Experiment 2, no significant effect of lighting regimen on broiler performance was observed. In Experiment 3, most genotypes had lower feed intake and abdominal fat content for 1L:3D than for 23.5L:.5D, but response of weight gain was variable; one genotype had higher feed intake and another genotype had higher fat content with 1L:3D. It was concluded that sex and genotype should be considered in planning the use of IL techniques for broiler chickens.
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The experiment was conducted to study the effect of multi-enzyme on carcass trait and hemato-biochemical parameters of broiler birds (Vencobb-430). A total number of 300 birds were reared for a period of 42 days with dietary treatments; T0-Control diet as per BIS (2007), T1- T0+multi-enzyme, T2-standard broiler diet with 2.5% reduction in energy than BIS, (2007) + multi-enzyme, T3- standard broiler diet with 5% reduction in energy than BIS, (2007) + multi-enzyme and T4-standard broiler diet with 7.5% reduction in energy than BIS, (2007) + multi-enzyme. Results showed that no significance difference for dressing, edible and giblet percent but the abdominal fat percentage was low in T4 and breast meat percentage was (P
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of different levels of dried Tamarind pulp on meat cholesterol, carcass yield and dressing percentage of broiler chicken. 300 healthy day old commercial broiler chicks of Vencob’ strain were selected and divided into five groups of 60 chicks in each group, three replicates of 20 birds in each group. The chicks of control group (Group I) were fed with standard broiler diet without dried Tamarind pulp, whereas dried Tamarind pulp was supplemented @250 gm, 500 gm, 1000 gm and 1500 gm per 100 kg of broiler ration respectively to groups -II, III, IV and V.The meat cholesterol was found to be significantly lower in treatments groups than in control group. However, carcass yield and dressing percentage of treatment groups were significantly higher than control Group.The carcass yield and dressing percentage were increased and meat cholesterol level was decreased on supplementation of dried Tamarind pulp in broiler rations.
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Male chickens from the three most common commercial broiler strains in Australia were fed conventionally or on a regimen which restricted growth by approximately 58% between 6 and 12 days of age followed by ad libitum feeding. Early age feed restriction had no significant effect on bodyweight at 47 days of age, and feed was utilized significantly more efficiently with all three strains. Restriction significantly reduced abdominal fat and had no significant effect on the yield of breast meat. The large improvements in feed efficiency and reductions in abdominal fat have major implications with regard to the economics of broiler meat production.
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This study aims to determine the effect of using sago waste as a local feed ingredient with cellulase enzyme addition to wards carcass and organs characteristics of broiler chickens. Broiler with chicken mix sex grouped in into five different treatment groups with 6 replications. Each replication consisted of 10 heads that were randomly distributed. The treatment used sago waste with cellulose enzyme addition of 0.75 g/kg of sago waste with usage level of 0.00%, 5.00%, 10.00%, 15.00% and 20.00% of total basal feed. The parameters observed were the characteristics of carcass and organ digestive or broiler chickens. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with undirectional pattern. If there was a significant mean difference between treatments, then proceed with Duncan's New Multiple Rang Test (DMRT). The results showed that the addition of the sago waste with cellulose enzyme addition in feed gave a significant difference (P<0.05) to broiler characteristic (slaughter weight, abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat percentage), but not significantly different to the organs digestive of broiler. The research concluded that the effect of using sago waste with enzyme cellulose addition of 0.75 g/kg were able to improve broiler carcass characteristics and more effective at the use of 15% level in broiler ration by not affecting the internal organs of broiler chickens.
Keywords: Sago waste, Cellulose, Enzyme, Broiler, Carcass and Internal Organs
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A 5-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of qualitative feed restriction through the use low-quality diet on finisher broiler performance, and to determine if sufficient compensatory growth can be achieved at that phase of broiler production. Seventy two (72) 4 weeks old broiler chicks of Anak strain weighing of the average 1.0kg were randomly distributed into two groups, A and B, using completely randomized design. Each group was replicated 3 times with 12 broiler chicks per replicate and each replicate housed in a pen measuring 1.5 m x 2 m. Broilers in group A were given a standard broiler finisher diet continuously for 5 weeks while broilers in group B received a low-quality cheap diet based mainly on palm kernel cake and wheat offal for the first two weeks and then placed on the standard diet for the remaining three weeks of the trial. The birds were weighed at the beginning of the trial and weekly thereafter. At the end of the feeding trial, 4 birds were randomly selected from each group, weighed, sacrificed, de-feathered, eviscerated and their internal organs as well as the abdominal fat, weighed. There was no significant difference in feed intake between the groups (P>0.05) at the end of the trial but the group on the high fibre low-quality diet consumed significantly (P<0.05) more feed during the 2 weeks. Daily body weight gain of the birds on the low-quality diet was lower than that of their counterparts in the control diets in the first 2 weeks but remarkably and progressively increased up to the end of the feeding trial. There was, however, no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05) in the final body weights. There were no significant differences in internal organ weights of the groups (P>0.05). However, abdominal fat weight was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by qualitative feed restriction. Feed cost of production (N/kg weight gain) were N348.69 and N343.78 for the control and qualitative feed restricted groups, respectively. The results have shown that sufficient compensatory growth can be achieved in broiler production the period of production is just 5 weeks.
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Excessive fat in modern broiler strains is one of the major problems faced by the broiler industry. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of feed restriction at early age on broiler chicken performance, meat quality, abdominal fat content, and serum lipid prole. Two hundred, Cobb500 day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five treatments; T1: ad-libitum feeding (control), T2 and T3: 75 and 50% of ad-libitum feeding from day 8 - 14, respectively, T4 and T5: 75 and 50% of ad-libitum feeding from day 15 - 21, respectively. All birds were fed with ad-libitum before and after the completion of the respective restriction periods. Total feed intake was significantly lower (p<0.05) in T3 and T5 compared to the birds in the control group. However, no differences (p>0.05) were observed in weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and dressing percentage among the treatments. Abdominal fat and muscle crude fat contents in birds fed with restricted diets from day 8 - 14 were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to the control. There was no inuence (p>0.05) of treatments on organ weights, muscle protein contents, and serum lipid profile. In conclusion, 50% feed restriction during day 8 - 14 is a better solution to reduce the fat deposition without interfering on growth performances of broiler chicken with lower cost.
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