Assessing vaccine cold chain storage quality: a cross-sectional study of health facilities in three African countries
Roy BursteinEmily DansereauRuben ConnerBrendan DeCensoKristen DelwicheAnne GasasiraAnnie HaakenstadSamuel H. MastersKelsey MooreThomas OdenyEmelda A. OkiroErin B. PalmisanoAllen D. G. RobertsSantosh KumarMichael HanlonHerbert C. DuberEmmanuela Gakidou
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It has practical significance to conduct a survey on the cold chain equipment which has been functioning in the past 13 years. Investigation of 144 epidemic prevention stations of district and county levels began from Sep. 1998, 88.19% of them provided with valid data, and the deadline for entering data was June 30, 1999. Besides, 3 epidemic prevention stations of district level, 8 of county level and 32 town hospitals were surveyed on-spot by provincial epidemic prevention station. The results showed that: the percentage of full functioning cold chain was 75% in Guangdong Province, of which the good condition rates for cold storage trucks was 50%, for vaccine transport car 69%, for low temperature cold storage house 100%, for common cold storage house 92%, for low temperature refrigerator 83%, for general refrigerator 74%, for cold storage box 75%, for cold storage bag 66% and for ice raft was 67%. The renewal of refrigerator, cold storage bag and ice raft were more than the others. The age of the maintenance workers are older, they are not very specialized. In the on-the-spot survey, the maintenance workers are found to hold two or more posts concurrently, the contingent is not stable. The investigation by questionaire showed about 58% of the epidemic prevention stations had no maintenance worker. For ensurring the regular working of cold chain equipment, a new secure model should be established, management of the cold chain equipment should be build up.
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The development of Chinese cold storage chain logistics is relatively backward which affects the food industry. Cold store is the key part of cold storage chain. The flow field is an important technological parameter in cold store. A three dimensional mathematical model was established to study the flow of field distribution inside a cold store. The results are testified by experiments. Some rules are discovered. It is revealed that the optimal inlet air velocity is in the range of 3–5m/s for a cold store. The results will provide an important help on the technical development of the cold storage chain logistics in China.
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The study aimed to investigate the application progress of cool storage technology in food cold chain logistics, point out questions that needed to be solved, and provide reference for its further development. This paper summarized the cold storage technology used in the hold-over plate refrigerated vehicles, cold storage insulation transport boxes, packaging, and cold storage, etc.. Meanwhile, the related parameters of the cool storage agent and compound technology research were discussed. Our results indicated that cold storage technology in the food cold chain of each link has a widespread application background and potential of energy conservation. Taken together, cool storage material itself,the hold-over plate refrigerated vehicles, multi-temperature joint-delivery, etc. will be the research directions of cold storage technology application in food cold chain logistics.
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The present cold chain for fresh agricultural products is a line of dependent on cold.The chain is mainly combined with the equipments of pre-cooling,storage,transportation,and shelf as well as E-technology.The present cold chain faces with some challenge of improving and update as the social developing and arising to expect the best quality of agricultural products of the people.Hypobaric cold storage technology is a hi-tech of developing in a recent half century and its preservation effects are better than the present cold storage.The paper will investigate the feasibility,necessity and practicability by using hypobaric cold storage technology to modern cold chain logistics,and expresses a new model of hypobaric cold storage chain for fresh agricultural products.
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This paper reviews the development of cold thermal storage technology. In this work, a review has been carried out of the operating strategies, management and thermal load, cold storage types and storage media, current and alternative possible technology for food transport refrigeration and thermoelectric cooling and power generation used in the cold chain. Conservation and transport of temperature-sensitive materials and applications are discussed. This paper lists over 89 references. Keywords: Cold chain solution, food transport refrigeration, thermal energy storage, cool storage system
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The management of cold storage chain is an important part of the management of supply chain and logistics. The development of Chinese cold storage chain logistics is relatively backward, which affects the food industry seriously. Cold store play an important role in cold storage chain logistics. The field flow is the key technological parameter in cold store. A three dimensional mathematical model is established to study the flow field distribution inside a cold store. And the results are testified by experiments. Both the flow field characteristics and the effect of flow field on food storage are revealed. The results will provide an important help on the technical management of cold storage chain logistics in China.
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Food from the beginning of production to reaching consumers are inseparable from the support of the cold chain.The need for cold storage to keep fresh food,such as aquatic products,vegetable and fruit,the refrigeration equipment and refrigeration technology is particularly important.So,cold chain system in a certain extent on a protection lock for the quality problem of food.Therefore,analysis of cold chain market,expound the actuality and potential of cold chain market.
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