Serum Insulin Is Significantly Related to Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Working Men
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J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). The aim of this study was to examine the association between serum insulin levels and components of the metabolic syndrome (MS). The target participants were 3054 working men. MS was diagnosed based on the modified criteria of the International Diabetes Federation and was present in 12.9% of the study patients. Serum lipid profiles, uric acid, insulin, plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A 1c were measured. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that all the components of MS were significantly associated with log‐transformed values of the serum insulin. The standardized regression coefficient for the waist circumference was 5‐fold higher than that for fasting plasma glucose, being 0.40 and 0.08, respectively. The standardized regression coefficients for diastolic blood pressure, log‐transformed values of serum triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and age were 0.09, 0.13, −0.16, and −0.11, respectively. A statistically significant relationship existed between the components of MS, especially abdominal obesity, and the serum insulin levels.Keywords:
Abdominal obesity
Stepwise regression
Objectives To describe the patterns and trends in waist circumference and abdominal obesity for those aged 70–89 contrasting the standard and new age-related cut-points, and to investigate how they vary with time, age and educational level. Methods The subjects were 7129 men and 9244 women aged 70–89 years who participated in the Health Survey for England during 1993–2010. The outcome measures were the percentiles of waist circumference and standard and new indicators of abdominal obesity based on waist circumference. Binomial and quantile regression were used to investigate the relationship with key explanatory variables. Results The distribution of waist circumference among community-dwelling older adults in England has shifted upwards since 1993 (an increase in median of 4.5 cm in men and 5.1 cm in women). The prevalence of abdominal obesity has increased, while those in the low-risk group have decreased. Abdominal obesity was higher in those aged 70–79 compared to 80–89, and in those who left education earlier. The prevalence of abdominal obesity varies considerably with new and standard cut-points, which makes it impractical to use the new ones on a population that includes subjects across the adult age range. Conclusions Obesity is increasing among the elderly, but more work is needed on devising age-appropriate indicators of high risk based on waist circumference.
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International Journal of Medicine and Public Health,2016,6,2,69-72.DOI:10.5530/ijmedph.2016.2.4Published:June 2016Type:Review ArticleSite or Size of Waist Circumference, Which one is More important in Metabolic Syndrome?Syed Mohd Razi, Gutch Manish, Gupta Kumar Keshav, Kumar Sukriti, and Abhinav Gupta Syed Mohd Razi, Gutch Manish1, Gupta Kumar Keshav2, Kumar Sukriti1, Abhinav Gupta1 1Dept of Endocrinology, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, UP, INDIA. 2Department of Radiodiagnosis, SGPGI, Lucknow, INDIA. Abstract:Abdominal obesity is one of the pivotal factors in defining the metabolic syndrome. Abdominal obesity is assessed by the various clinical surrogates among which waist circumference is considered to be simple, inexpensive and sensitive tool. But various controversies surround the exact cut offs and the ideal sites of waist circumference measurement, so in this review we discussed these issues. Read more... Keywords:Abdominal obesity, Cardio metabolic risk, Harmonized Definition, Metabolic syndrome, Waist circumferenceView:PDF (135.63 KB)
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Few studies have explored the longitudinal association between dietary energy density and waist circumference and abdominal obesity in adults in China. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary energy density and waist circumference and abdominal obesity in Chinese residents aged 18-64. Using data from the CHNS from 1993 to 2018, 25,817 adult residents aged 18 to 64 were selected for the study. Three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and home-weighed seasonings were used to assess food intake. A multilevel model was used to analyze the relationship between dietary energy density and waist circumference and abdominal obesity. The results showed that compared with the lowest dietary energy density group, females had an increased risk of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.29), and females' waist circumference increased significantly by 0.24 cm (95% CI: 0.39-1.09) in the highest dietary energy density group. No association between dietary energy density and waist circumference and abdominal obesity was observed in males. This study shows that higher dietary energy density is significantly associated with females' waist circumference and abdominal obesity. Further research on high dietary energy density and abdominal obesity will provide scientific basis for the effective control of abdominal obesity.
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Waist circumference (WC) is a strong predictor of hypertension and other noncommunicable diseases in China. This study examines temporal trends in waist circumference and the prevalence of abdominal adiposity trends among Chinese adults aged 20–65 from 1993 to 2004. We use data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey collected in 1993, 1997, 2000 and 2004. Compared with 1993, the 2004 waist circumference distribution curves flattened and shifted rightwards in males and females. Mean waist circumference increased from 76.8cm to 82.8cm among males and from 75.1cm to 79.3cm among females. A gradient of increasing prevalence of abdominal obesity was also observed in males and females. Similar trends of increasing waist circumference and abdominal obesity were observed in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity subjects defined by WHO recommended cutoff points of body mass index (BMI). These results demonstrate the rapid increase in obesity, especially abdominal obesity, among Chinese adults. Primary prevention of abdominal obesity should be a major public health problem in China.
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Introduction: Excess abdominal fat is an independent predictor of the risk factors and the morbidity of obesity related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and cardio vascular diseases.The Waist Circumference (WC) is positively correlated with the abdominal fat.Hence, the waist circumference is a valuable, convenient and a simple measurement method which can be used for identifying the individuals who are at an increased risk for the above mentioned diseases. Objectives:1. To assess the abdominal obesity by measuring the waist circumference among the women who were aged 20 years and above in an urban slum of Chennai, India.2. To identify the socio demographic factors which were associated with the abdominal obesity in the above study population. Settings and Design:A community based and a cross sectional study was carried out in an urban slum of Chennai, India. Methods and Materials:The present study was undertaken in an urban slum of Chennai city, among the women who were aged 20 years and above.One slum was selected randomly and the households in the slum were sampled by a systematic random sampling method.A predesigned and a pretested questionnaire was used to collect the information regarding the sociodemographic profile of the women.Their waist circumference was measured by using a flexible inch tape.As per the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the International Association for the Study of Obesity (IASO)(2000), the following cut off values for the waist circumference were used to assess the abdominal obesity for women: WC<80cms -normal and WC > 80cms abdominal obesity.Community Section
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Objective To analysis the relationship of waist circumference with metabolic syndrome(MS)in two communities in Nanning,Guangxi.Methods 1072 cases in two communities were divided into abdominal obesity group with 406 cases and control group with 666 cases and metabolic syndrome primary elements were measured,then the prevalence was compared.Results ① The prevalence was 3.36% in abdominal obesity group,there was a significant difference between the two groups.② The prevalence of obesity,hypertension,hyperglycaemia,high triglyeride,low-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol has a significant difference in abdominal obesity group.③There was significantly association between waist circumference and body mass index(r=0.607,P0.0001),systolic blood pressure(r=0.240,P0.0001,diastolic blood pressure(r=0.274,P0.0001),fasting postpartum glucose(r=0.075,P=0.015),triglyeride(r=0.165,P0.0001)and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(r=-0.201,P0.0001).Conclusion A significant difference between waist circumference and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found here.The study also showed a significant difference between waist circumference and elements of metabolic syndrome.
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In view of the fact that Asians have higher abdominal fat at lower levels of body mass index (BMI), measures of abdominal adiposity such as waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were investigated as predictors of hypertension. Data on BMI, WC, WHR and blood pressure (BP) were recorded through a cross-sectional study on 419 urban adults (210 men and 209 women; aged 30-60 years) in Pune, India. Abdominal obesity was higher among women than men (35.9% vs. 32.4%). However, age adjusted mean systolic BP (124.3 ± 15.1 mmHg vs. 114.7 ± 17.2 mmHg), diastolic BP (82.9 ± 10.5 mmHg vs. 76.4 ± 10.7 mmHg) and prevalence of hypertension (34.3% vs. 21.5%) was significantly higher (p p p p p
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Objective To investigate the situation of abdominal obesity among people aged 20-69 years in Guiyang city.Methods Data of waist and hip circumference of people aged 20-69 years in Guiyang were measured in 2005.The waist to hip ratio was calculated.Frequency of abdominal obesity was analyzed according to sex and age.Results The rapid increase of abdominal obesity frequency appeared in 25-29 age group in the male and 40-44 in the femal.The high frequency of abdominal obesity appeared in 60-64 group in the male and 65-69 in the femal(58.22%,86.36%,respectively).Abdominal obesity frequency of women in 45-69 group was higher than that of men(P0.01).The average waist to hip ratio and waist circumference had a marked increase compared with that of in 2000(P0.05,P0.01).The average waist circumference of women was greater(3.01-6.65cm) than the average of Guizhou population in 2000(P0.01).The average waist circumference of men was smaller(2.14-3.95 cm) but that of women were greater (1.48-4.56 cm) than the average of the nation population in 2005 (P0.01).Conclusion Residents of Guiyang should monitor their body weight from the age of 25 years.After the age of 40,the rate of abdominal obesity increases rapidly in women.
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Objective:To investigate the interactions among waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid,and define the waist circumference cut-off values for prediction of hypertension,hyperglycemia and hyperlipoidemia which provide important reference for abdominal obesity standards.Method:952 adults from E university in Shanghai are taken for health examination,the indexes include waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid etc.,then the correlations among waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid will be further analyzed and discussed.Result:The status of waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid of non-abdominal obesity group are better than that of abdominal obesity group,and the differences has a statistically significant.The waist circumference cut-off values for prediction of abdominal obesity are 89～90cm(72.5th-77.5th percentile) for men and 76～77cm(65th-75th percentile) for women by drawing ROC curve.Conclusion:Asians abdominal obesity standards suggested by WHO are also suitable for the subject.Age is an important effect factor of waist circumference,even for the adult,so it is necessary to take age into consideration for confirming abdominal obesity standards.
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