Dose–response relationships between sedentary behaviour and the metabolic syndrome and its components
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Introduction: Data on hydration status in older adults are scarce and there are very few studies focused on the impact of physical activity on drinking behaviour.
Objective: To determine the impact of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle on fluid intake in Spanish older adults.
Method: 430 non-institutionalized Spanish older adults (58% females), aged 55-80 years were divided into four groups: ILS (inactive and low sedentary), HIS (inactive and high sedentary), ALS (active and low sedentary) and AHS (active and high sedentary). Experimental data were collected by questionnaires, physical fitness tests, and osmolality was measured in serum. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Results: Serum osmolality values were within references values in all subjects, independently of the physical activity and sedentary level. Liquid intake increased in parallel with physical activity. There were significant differences between ILS/ALS (p=0.002) and IHS/ALS (p=0.001), and no differences were found between AHS/IHS (p=0.066).
Conclusions: Spanish elderly seem to be well hydrated independently of the physical activity and sedentary level. Physical activity has a higher impact on fluid intake than sendentary lifestyle.
Supported by Instituto Salud Carlos III (PI11/01791 & CB12/03/30038). ImFINE and NUCOX are members of the EXERNET research network.
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The lifestyle of urban areas causes the high use of technology and digitalization. This impacts decreasing physical activity levels, increasing sedentary behavior, and high-screen viewing habits. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavio
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Background Approximately 17% of children ages 6–11 years are classified as obese in the United States (U.S.). Obesity adversely affects physical functioning and leads to reduced quality of life. Objective The aim of the study was to characterize the prevalence of physical activity, sedentary behavior and obesity among U.S. children ages 6–12 years old. Methods Data for this study were from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) conducted in conjunction with the NHANES in 2012. The final sample size was N = 614 children who completed the cardiovascular endurance test and of the following self‐reported race/ethnicity categories: 103 Mexican Americans (MA), 103 Other Hispanics (OH), 156 non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB), and 252 non‐Hispanic Whites (NHW). The NNYFS protocol was approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board (ERB): parents signed informed consent and children signed assent. Statistics were reported as percentage and 95 th CI by cross‐tabulations of obesity, sedentary behavior and physical activity by race/ethnicity. All statistics were performed with SPSS version 23 with the complex sample analysis module. Results Approximately twice the percent of NHB as compared to NHW children had high sedentary behavior ≥ 3 hrs/day [33.1 (21.9, 46.7) vs. 16.3 (11.5, 22.4)]. The percent of sedentary behavior ≥ 3 hrs/day was 16.7 (13.8, 20.0) for MA and 28.1 (16.7, 43.4) for OH. Over 80% of all race/ethnicity children participated in physical activity (P=0.072). Body Mass Index/age and gender (zBMI) was not significantly different by race/ethnicity (P=0.430) and 35.5% were classified as overweight/obese. Conclusion Elementary‐age children appear to be at equal risk for obesity and lack of physical activity across ethnic/race groups. High sedentary behaviors were more prevalent in NHB. Interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease targeting children at younger age‐groups may be suitable for a school environment.
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EPSTEIN, L.H., and J.N. ROEMMICH. Reducing sedentary behavior: role in modifying physical activity. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp 103–108, 2001. Decreased physical activity is associated with the increased incidence of obesity. Behavioral economic research demonstrates that reducing sedentary behaviors in children increases physical activity. Understanding how people choose physical or sedentary activities can aid in developing public health initiatives that increase access to physical activity, while reducing access to sedentary behaviors.
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Background Metabolic syndrome is prevalent worldwide and its prevalence is related to physical activity, race, and lifestyle. Little data is available for people living in rural areas of China. In this study we examined associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with metabolic syndrome components among people in rural China. Methods The Nantong Metabolic Syndrome Study recruited 13,505 female and 6,997 male participants between 2007 and 2008. Data of socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle were collected. The associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with metabolic syndrome components were analyzed. Results Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 21.6%. It was significantly lower in men than in women. Low risks of metabolic syndrome were observed in those who did less sitting and engaged in more vigorous physical activity. The highest tertile of vigorous physical activity was associated with 15–40% decreased odds of metabolic syndrome and all of its components, except for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in men. Women with the highest tertile of moderate physical activity had 15–30% lower odds of central obesity, high glucose, and high triglycerides compared with those in the lowest tertile. Sitting time >42 hours per week had a 4%-12% attributable risk of metabolic syndrome, central obesity, and high triglycerides in both genders, and abnormal glucose and diastolic blood pressure in women. Sleeping for more than 8 hours per day was associated with risk of high serum glucose and lipids. Conclusions Our data suggested that physical activity has a preventive effect against metabolic syndrome and all its abnormal components, and that longer sitting time and sleep duration are associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome components, including central obesity and high triglycerides, glucose, and diastolic blood pressure. This study could provide information for future investigation into these associations. Also, recommendations are developed to reduce prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in rural Chinese populations.
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Background: Sedentary behaviors have been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The newly released Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans also recommend replacing sedentary behaviors by physical activity. However, it is largely unknown which types of physical activity would be the healthy alternatives to sedentary behaviors, and to what extent it may reduce the risk of T2D. Methods: We prospectively analyzed the association between sedentary time and risk of T2D among 475,502 participants free of T2D in the UK Biobank. Sedentary time was quantified by summing up the time spent on television watching, computer using, and driving. Results: During a median follow-up of 11 years, we documented 18,169 incident T2D. Sedentary time were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2D (≥6 hours/day vs. <2 hours/day: hazard ratio [HR]: 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47~1.71). Such associations were more profound among women or obese participants (p-interaction<0.001 for both). Replacing 30 minutes/day sedentary time with different types of physical activities were significantly associated with a 6-31% lower risk of T2D, with strenuous sports (exercise making sweat or breathing hard) showing the strongest risk reduction (per 30 minutes/day: HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.63~0.76). Replacing sedentary time by structured exercise showed greater reduction (26%, 23-28%) of T2D risk than by daily-life activity (9%, 8-10%). Conclusions: Our study indicates that sedentary time combining watching TV, using computer and driving are independently associated with an increased risk of T2D; and replacing sedentary time with the structured exercise is related to greater reduction than with daily activity on T2D risk. Disclosure X. Li: None. T. Zhou: None. H. Ma: None. Y. Heianza: None. L. Qi: None.
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