SCREENING MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 2A FAMILIES USING DNA MARKERS
26
Citation
6
Reference
10
Related Paper
Endocrine glands are the major glands which have multiple functions. Increased or decrease in the secretion of endocrine glands leads to disorders in the endocrine system. Major Glands such as Pituitary, Thyroid, Pancreas and Gonads were studied. Deficiency or Hypersecretion of these glands results in the disorder of the endocrine glands. Treatment for the endocrine disorders can be done by Molecular diagnosis and Imaging. The Complications in the system can be avoided by preventing the risk factors causing the abnormality. Present review discusses on the Study of endocrine system, Disorders in the system, Abnormalities, Complications, Treatment and Management of endocrine disorders.
Endocrine gland
Pituitary disorder
Abnormality
Cite
Citations (0)
The endocrine system is responsible for growth, development, maintaining homeostasis and for the control of many physiological processes. Due to the integral nature of its signaling pathways, it can be difficult to distinguish endocrine-mediated adverse effects from transient fluctuations, adaptive/compensatory responses, or adverse effects on the endocrine system that are caused by mechanisms outside the endocrine system. This is particularly true in toxicological studies that require generation of effects through the use of Maximum Tolerated Doses (or Concentrations). Endocrine-mediated adverse effects are those that occur as a consequence of the interaction of a chemical with a specific molecular component of the endocrine system, for example, a hormone receptor. Non-endocrine-mediated adverse effects on the endocrine system are those that occur by other mechanisms. For example, systemic toxicity, which perturbs homeostasis and affects the general well-being of an organism, can affect endocrine signaling. Some organs/tissues can be affected by both endocrine and non-endocrine signals, which must be distinguished. This paper examines in vitro and in vivo endocrine endpoints that can be altered by non-endocrine processes. It recommends an evaluation of these issues in the assessment of effects for the determination of endocrine disrupting properties of chemicals. This underscores the importance of using a formal weight of evidence (WoE) process to evaluate potential endocrine activity.
Endocrine gland
Homeostasis
Cite
Citations (57)
One variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is defined by sporadic tumors of both the parathyroids and pituitary. The prevalence of identified MEN1 mutations in this variant is lower than in familial MEN1 (7% vs. 90%), suggesting different causes. Recently, one case of this variant had a germline mutation of p27(Kip1)/CDKN1B.The objective was to test p27 in germline DNA from cases with tumors of both the parathyroids and pituitary.Medical record review and sequence analysis in DNA were performed.This study involved an inpatient and outpatient referral program for cases of endocrine tumors.Sixteen index cases had sporadic tumors of two organs, both the parathyroids and the pituitary. There were 18 additional index cases with related features of familial tumors. Five subjects were normal controls. No case had an identified MEN1 mutation.Clinical status of endocrine tumors was tabulated. Sequencing of germline DNA from index cases and control cases for the p27 gene was performed by PCR.Endocrine tumor types and their expressions were measured, as were sequence changes in the p27 gene.Tumor features were documented in index cases and families. One p27 germline single nucleotide change was identified. This predicted a silent substitution of Thr142Thr. Furthermore, there was a normal prevalence of heterozygosity for a common p27 polymorphism, making a large p27 deletion unlikely in all or most of these cases.The MEN1 variant with sporadic parathyroid tumors, sporadic pituitary tumor, and no identified MEN1 mutation is usually not caused by p27 germline mutations. It is usually caused by as yet unknown process(es).
MEN1
Pituitary Tumors
Cite
Citations (90)
Several receptors for the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), essential for the penetration of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, are located in the tissues of the endocrine glands. Therefore, it has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection results in the development of hormonal disturbances. To date, several cases of endocrine disturbances related to the dysfunction of all endocrine glands during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described. In this review, we discuss the endocrine system disturbances in patients with COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome. Based on the case reports described in the literature, patients with COVID-19 may develop endocrine disturbances that are immediately life-threatening. In addition, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome may develop chronic endocrine disturbances. In summary, the diagnostics of endocrine system disturbances based on clinical symptoms should be taken into account in both patients with COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Cite
Citations (6)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1, Wermer syndrome) – group o а heterogeneous inherited deseases, caused by hyperlasia or neoplasia of several endocrine glands. The phenotype of MEN1 is broad, and over 20 different combinations of endocrine and non-endocrine metabolic manifestations have been described. This case demonstrates multiple formations of endocrine organs, starting non-classical with macroprolactonoma resistant to dopamine agonists therapy, other endocrine disorders developed gradually eventually: hyperparathyreoidism and hypoglycemia caused by pancreas lesions, produced proinsulin in high levels.
MEN1
Endocrine gland
Cite
Citations (1)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder characterised by coexistence of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) with parathyroid and pituitary tumours. PNETs, including mostly non-functioning tumours, gastrinoma and insulinoma, occur in nearly 95% of MEN1 patients and account for over 50% of disorder-related mortality. Therefore, early initiation of screening for pNET using biochemical and imaging tests as well as appropriate surgical and systemic treatment are of particular importance for this group of patients. Currently, there are no clearly defined guidelines which determine the optimal methods for detection and treatment of pNET in MEN1. Caution should be exercised when applying the guidelines designed for patients with sporadic pNET to MEN1 patients as the clinical course of the disorder is slightly different, involving multifocality of lesions and younger age of patients at onset. This paper discusses the distinctive features and challenges in diagnosing and treating pNETs in MEN1 patients.
MEN1
Gastrinoma
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Cite
Citations (0)
Homeostasis
Endocrine gland
Cite
Citations (0)
Human obesity
Enteroendocrine cell
Pathogenesis
Endocrine gland
Cite
Citations (48)
Endocrine disruptors are man-made chemicals that can hack the body’s chemical-based signaling system—the endocrine system. The endocrine system is the network of glands that regulate growth and development in children, reproduction in young adults, and aging in older adults. The endocrine system includes the pituitary,...
Endocrine gland
Cite
Citations (0)
Abstract Multiple endocrine neoplasia‐1 (MEN‐1) is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome that occurs due to inactivating mutations of the MEN1 gene locus, coding for a tumor‐suppressor protein, menin . The components of MEN‐1 are hyperparathyroidism due to multiple parathyroid adenomas, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas, in addition to some less common neoplastic manifestations. Care of people with MEN‐1 requires knowledge of the problems that may arise, and the best approaches to detect and care for the manifestations of this incurable, but manageable, disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;89:143–150. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MEN1
Gastrinoma
Cite
Citations (70)