Radiation‐Induced degradation of polyethylene: Polymer structure and stability
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Abstract The radiation‐stability of annealed and quenched polyethylene (PE) was estimated by gel, FTIR, and mechanical property (elongation at break) measurements. Although both types of PE showed an equal probability in gel and carbonyl formation, the resistance to γ‐ray irradiation as probed by elongation at break (%) was superior in quenched PE compared to annealed PE. This difference is discussed from the viewpoint of polymer structure, especially the number of the tie molecules, of annealed and quenched PE.Keywords:
Elongation
Degradation
Polymer degradation
Radiation Resistance
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer was used to study the thermal degradation of polypropylene,polyethylene and poly(methyl methacrylate) at three different heating rates under air atmosphere.The TG and DTG data were employed to reveal the degradation processes and the effect of the heating rates on degradation process of PP,PE and PMMA.The thermal degradation kinetics models were obtained through the Coats-Redfern method,then the degradation mechanisms and effect of oxygen on degradation processes were discussed,at last the reliabilities of the thermal degradation kinetics models were proved by comparing the experimental and calculated TG data.
Degradation
Polypropylene
Gravimetric analysis
Polymer degradation
Thermogravimetric analysis
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Degradation
Polymer degradation
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Degradation
Photodegradation
Polymer degradation
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The prelims comprise: Introduction Physical Degradation of Polymers Chemical Degradation of Polymers Stabilization of Polymers Against Oxidation Photo-Degradation and Photo-Oxidation Photo-Stabilization of Polymers Loss of Stabilizing Additives Hydrolytic and Biological Degradation of Polymers Prediction of Polymer Lifetimes References
Degradation
Polymer degradation
Hydrolytic degradation
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Polymer degradation
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Abstract The reader will find basic knowledge about the degradation of polymers, its causes, course and consequences in a broader context, as indicated through the list of the chapter titles: Introduction; Depolymerization; Initiated cleavage (degradation) of macromolecules; Thermal degradation; Photochemical degradation; Mechanochemical degradation; Oxidative degradation; Polymer burning; Kinetics of cleaving macromolecules when chain depolymerization is negligible; Degradation in polymer recycling; Protection of polymers against degradation.
Depolymerization
Degradation
Polymer degradation
Chain scission
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Polymer degradation
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Degradation
Polymer degradation
Hydrolytic degradation
Atmospheric oxygen
Thermal oxidation
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Abstract The degradation of polymers under a wide range of conditions is reviewed. Purely thermal degradation, in inert atmospheric conditions, defines the ultimate stability of a polymer in the absence of other degradative influences. The mechanisms of degradation are shown to include depolymerization, random scission, and rearrangement of functional groups. Their relative importance is dependent upon temperature and polymer structure. Degradation in air is more relevant to service use of polymers and is shown to involve the formation and reaction of hydroperoxides; effects on mechanical properties are reviewed. Photo‐oxidation is shown to be dependent on whether the polymer is intrinsically light absorbing or absorbs via chromophoric impurities. Photoinitiated generation of radicals leads to oxidation chemistry accompanied by photolysis reactions of the products. Degradation by high energy radiation, hydrolytic degradation, and degradation by microorganisms (biodegradation) are briefly reviewed, as are methods of accelerating degradation.
Depolymerization
Degradation
Polymer degradation
Chemical decomposition
Inert
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