Diagnostic value of molecular markers for Lr genes and characterization of leaf rust resistance of German winter wheat cultivars with regard to the stability of vertical resistance
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Keywords:
Rust (programming language)
Molecular marker
Breeding program
Marker-Assisted Selection
Phytophthora infestans
Bulked segregant analysis
Molecular marker
Marker-Assisted Selection
Major gene
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[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to explore molecular marker-assisted selection for pyramiding Xa23 and bph20 (t) genes in order to get multiple resistant homozygous rice varieties and to provide genetic resources for breeding high yielding and multiple resistant rice varieties. [Method]In addition to hybridization, backcross and traditional field selection methods, molecular markers have been used to identify two-resistant genes, viz., Xa23 and bph20(t) and their pyramiding in homozygous rice strain. [Result]Xa23-linked EST Marker C189 showed highly stable and specific amplification and it may be used as a breeding marker. Marker BYL7 did not showed the expected results and the bands amplified using this were not stable. There is need to develop a more specific marker in order to make use of bph20(t). However, after the pyramiding of genes using MAS and breeding methods, rice stains having 16 Xa23 and bph20(t) were obtained in the BC2F2 groups. [Conclusion]Using Xa23-linked EST Marker C189 and bph20(t)-linked Marker BYL7, we have successfully selected some genotypes in BC2F2 group having two resistant genes pyramided together. The studies demonstrated that marker-assisted selection is a simple and effective tool to breed new multiple-resistant rice varieties.
Molecular marker
Marker-Assisted Selection
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Molecular markers have a wide range of applications such as marker-assisted selection,analysis of genetic diversity of germplasm resoures,constrcution of genetic linkage maps ect.RFLP,RAPD,SSR,AFLP,SCAR,CAPS,SNP are common methods of molecular markers.So far,domestic and foreign researchers have used molecular markers to marker and mapping more than 20 quality traits in watermelon and melon.Among them the RAPD molecular marker is the method that used most widely,while the advantage of SSR marker is used less than other markers.The current molecular markers major research on plant diseases and insects resistance genes,and most of the linkage markers have a lager genetic distance to the target genes,which not suitable for map-based cloing.But the basic of genetics genes have not sufficiently research.This article summarized the molecular markers and mapping of quality traits research progress in watermelon and melon.
Citrullus lanatus
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Melon
Germ plasm
Cucumis
Genetic linkage
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Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Marker gene
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Abstract DNA markers have a large potential to improve efficiency and precision of conventional plant breeding programmes based on marker‐assisted selection ( MAS ). In our study, we have evaluated the predictive abilities of the SCAR marker RYSC 3 and the CAPS marker GP 122 564 with regard to the PVY resistance genes Ry adg and Ry sto, respectively, and of marker TG 689 linked to H1 conferring resistance to Globodera rostochiensis and marker HC associated with high levels of G. pallida resistance. The evaluations were made in 28 cultivars and accessions and in 219 progeny genotypes descending from ten different crosses. We observed in all evaluated cultivars and accessions the expected marker patterns according to their phenotypic classification into resistant and susceptible genotypes. However, in part considerable discrepancies were observed when analysing progeny of controlled crosses involving these resistance sources, particularly with respect to H1. Based on these results, practical aspects for the efficient implementation of marker‐assisted selection are discussed, which consider the genetic origin of the material, costs aspects and methodology applied.
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Globodera rostochiensis
Plant Breeding
Globodera pallida
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Breeding strategies in nursery plants is lagging behind most of the agricultural crops while molecular methods have been adopted last decade. Identification and verification of varieties for nursery plants were applied by molecular tools. Marker assisted breeding utilizes the DNA markers linked to genes of interest to achieve efficient selection strategies. Marker assisted selection (MAS) is a process whereby a marker is used for indirect selectionof genetic determinants of a trait of interest. There are different kinds of molecular markers, such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These molecular markers allow high density DNA marker maps. In this review, all of these molecular markers have been applied widely among crops and ornamentals and the advantages and disadvantages have been listed. The best molecular markers are those that distinguish multiple alleles per locus (highly polymorphic) and are co-dominant.
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Molecular breeding
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Rust (programming language)
Germ plasm
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
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Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Cytoplasmic male sterility
Plant Breeding
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Molecular marker
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular breeding
Plant Breeding
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SummaryTomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an important Tospovirus causing significant crop losses in tomato throughout the World. Resistance to TSWV is conferred by the Sw-5 gene. Screening for TSWV resistance under field conditions, and the development of resistant tomato genotypes based on phenotype is not only time-consuming, but also inconclusive because of variable inoculum pressure in the field. The development of molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) would help to avoid this problem and facilitate the screening of a large number of independent breeding lines. However, for MAS to be successful, the molecular markers must be reliable, easy to use, and highly reproducible. We evaluated four potential PCR-based markers, developed based on Sw-5 locus-specific sequences. All four PCR-based markers were used successfully to identify resistant and susceptible tomato genotypes, consistent with the phenotypic data. Three (NCSw-003, NCSw-007, and NCSw-011) of the four molecular markers were co-dominant, whereas one (NCSw-012) was dominant. Two of the four molecular markers (NCSw-003 and NCSw-012) were sequence-characterised amplified region (SCAR) markers. The other two (NCSw-007 and NCSw-011) were cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers. All four markers were 19 kbp from CT 220, a previously reported molecular marker. All four DNA markers were novel and may be useful to tomato breeders wishing to screen for TSWV resistance in segregating populations.
Molecular marker
Tospovirus
Marker-Assisted Selection
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