Whole blood BDNF levels in healthy twins discordant for affective disorder: Association to life events and neuroticism
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Frequency of occurrence of various biological symptoms in relation to intensity of depression and neuroticism was studied in 37 depressed patients. The best indicator of depression severity and neuroticism were, respectively, early waking and excessive dreaming, when the symptoms were studied individually. A group of biological symptoms predicting the severity of depression was found via stepwise multiple regression analysis of variance. No such grouping was found for neuroticism. However, only neuroticism was found for neuroticism. However, only neuroticism was found to be a useful predictor of the biological symptoms when taken as a whole.
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Neuroticism, or negative affectivity, can influence a person's approach to life. This study examined levels of neuroticism in 249 patients with illnesses known to be related to the mental state. All of them were given a six-day intensive yoga program. Patients showed a decrease in neuroticism measured by the PGI Health Questionnaire. The reduction was maximum for (a) those with ages between 36 and 51 years, (b) females, (c) patients with at least 17 years of education, and (d) those who were self-employed. The results show the importance of socio-demographic factors in neuroticism levels and in programs intended to reduce neuroticism. Hence, yoga is a useful intervention to reduce traits of neuroticism, with variations in the degree of change based on social factors.
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Negative correlation
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Psychoticism
Trait theory
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The personality trait of neuroticism is thought to be an important risk factor for depression. To ascertain the possible role of neuroticism in producing sex differences in depression, a meta-analysis was carried out on published studies reporting sex- and age-specific norms for neuroticism inventories. A general sex difference was found, with females having higher scores. However, the sex difference was greater in young and middle-aged adults than in children or the very elderly. This age trend in sex differences for neuroticism is similar in form to that previously reported for depression, except that the sex difference for depression completely disappeared in the very young and very old, but the sex difference in neuroticism did not.
Depression
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Neurotic characteristics of spouses have often been associated with dissatisfaction with the partner relationship. This article addresses the question whether the link between dissatisfaction with the relationship and neuroticism appears during the partner relationship, or whether it is present before the person enters the relationship. Utilizing data from a Swedish longitudinal project, satisfaction with the partner relationship was linked with neuroticism both in adolescence and in adulthood. Adolescent neuroticism was measured at age 15 with the High School Personality Questionnaire (HSPQ), and adult neuroticism was measured at age 37 with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-I). Results showed that a lower degree of satisfaction in partner relationships in mid-life was linked with higher concurrent neuroticism scores. Opposing most of the previous studies, this association appeared for both men and women. Higher neuroticism in adolescence was, however, not significantly associated with satisfaction in partner relationships in mid-life.
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
Longitudinal Study
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Although perceived social support (PSS) is associated with lower depression in younger people, it is unclear whether the relationship is moderated by other factors. The objective of this study was to examine the interaction of neuroticism and PSS in predicting depression levels. A cross-sectional survey design was employed. Data from 362 students of University College Cork, all in emerging adulthood (18–25), were included in the analysis. Correlational analyses identified a positive relationship between neuroticism and depression scores and a negative relationship between PSS and depression scores. In those respondents who were classified as depressed, and controlling for age and sex, neuroticism and PSS were unique predictors of depression score, and a PSS × neuroticism interaction emerged such that PSS was particularly beneficial in those with high neuroticism. The finding suggests that PSS is an important protection against severe depression in depressed younger people, especially in those with high neuroticism levels.
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ABSTRACT– As part of a comprehensive epidemiological study in the elderly the Eysenck Personality Inventory was administered to 70‐, 75‐ and 79‐year‐old samples. Extraversion and Lie scores were approximately normally distributed whereas Neuroticism was positively skewed. There was a negative correlation between Lie‐scale and Neuroticism. Norms for EPI scores in 70‐year‐olds are presented. Transectional comparisons with 50‐year‐old samples showed that in 70‐year‐olds Extraversion was lower in both sexes, Neuroticism was higher in females, and Lie scores were higher in both sexes. Between 70 and 79 years of age Neuroticism scores were progressively lower for males, which may be explained by selective mortality. Females scored significantly higher than males on Neuroticism in all four age groups. Subjects with lower intelligence scored higher on Extraversion and Neuroticism than subjects with higher intelligence. Subjects with mild‐moderate dementias and with neurotic conditions scored higher on Neuroticism than subjects with no diagnosis. There were also some differences associated with subjective age, sexual activity and survival, indicating that subjects who were more vital in these respects scored higher on Extraversion and lower on Neuroticism.
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
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