Coating with Supersonic Free-Jet PVD
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Recently, requirements for structural materials become increasingly severe. A coating is one of the most promising methods to achieve the requirements. However, conventional coating processes generally have technical problems. We apply Supersonic Free-Jet PVD (SFJ-PVD) to coating. The SFJ-PVD is a technique to deposit nanoparticles with supersonic gas flow and to form a thick coating film without a crack or a void. This method is composed of “gas evaporation” and “vacuum deposition”. In a gas evaporation chamber, a source material is evaporated to form nanoparticles in an inert gas atmosphere. The nanoparticles are then carried to a substrate in a deposition chamber with an inert gas flow through a transfer pipe. The gas flow is generated by the pressure difference between the chambers and accelerated through a supersonic nozzle. With SFJPVD, We obtain uniform several hundreds micron meter-thick, high-density coatings.Keywords:
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Solid-state physics
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An experimental and theoretical investigation of the erosion of various metals by high temperature, high pressure flows of combustion gases is described. The erosion process was categorized as either inert or a combination of inert and reactive erosion. Experimental results indicated the existence of two thresholds, the first represents the onset of erosion and the second the transition from purely inert to inert plus reactive erosion. Inert erosion was modeled by means of the melt and wipe-off theory. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate various erosion regimes and to identify the conditions for inert and reactive erosion.
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In introduction part are presented problems which are present without existance of the cargo spaces inerting system on merchant ships. In burning theory basics are defined requirements for the burning emergence with methods of its avoidance and cargo behaviour considering operating parameters and its manipulation. The inert gas chapter quotates metods of producing inert gas onboard along with requirements of its usage and comparison of some inert gas plants is being performed considering the quality of produced inert gas and dangers which can occur during its usage. Chapter about inert gas generators describes the working principle of inert gas generator as one of the inert gas systems onboard along with its construction parts and including its operation and implemented safety systems
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In this study, the inert gas atomization method to obtain finely divided metal powder was studied. Two different configurations of inert gas atomizers were compared to identify the most appropriate one to obtain high spherical AM powder. Some problems of free-fall atomizer were discussed.
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The study of inert-gas behaviour with respect to metals has a history almost as long as that of the inert gases themselves, reference to the permeation of helium through a number of metals having been made in 1897, less than two years after the isolation of the new element.
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INERT ATMOSPHERE TECHINQUES. Bench--Top Inert--Atmosphere Techniques. Inert--Atmosphere Glove Boxes. Inert Gases and Their Purification. Purification of Solvents and Reagents. Vacuum Line Design and Operation. Pumps for Rough and High Vacuum. Pressure and Flow Measurement and Leak Detection. Joints, Stopcocks, and Valves. Specialized Vacuum--Line Equipment and Operations. Metal Systems. Metal Systems. Appendixes. Index.
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In order to improve the degassing effect of the inert gas on aluminum alloy melt and avoid the environment pollution,a new kind of degassing way has been put forward.A simple inert gas preheating unit has been designed.Using the inert gas preheating unit can increase the inert gas bubbles' temperature in the aluminum melt.The degassing result shows that the preheated inert gas can produce tiny and dispersive thermal bubbles after blowing into the aluminum melt and the thermal bubbles do not grow up quickly.More over,the thermal bubbles rise out of the aluminum melt slowly,so the degassing time is elongated.The hydrogen content can be as low as 0.15 mL/100g Al after the aluminum melt being held for 20 min.The preheated inert gas gets better effects than that of the traditional degassing way.And it is an effective environmental protective degassing technology.
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