Immunothérapie du mélanome malin. Nouvelles perspectives
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Adoptive immunotherapy
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
Adoptive Cell Transfer
Cancer Immunotherapy
Adoptive immunotherapy
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Adoptive therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been studied since 1980s. Although some trials showed very high efficacy in melanoma and other tumors no enough data were available for approval of the method perhaps due to the cost, complexity and reproducibility limited to academic centers. Last year the results of prospective phase III trial comparing TIL therapy to standard immunotherapy for melanoma were reported which proved the efficacy and even superiority of the method. This paper reviews the principles of adoptive TIL therapy and the perspectives for further developement.
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T cell adoptive immunotherapy has been employed to treat a variety of malignant diseases,especially tumors.Adoptive transfer of tumor-specific T cells induces the death of tumor cells in vitro,and has been applied to treat certain clinical patients and obtained successful therapeutic effects.Now,T cell adoptive therapy may become one of frontier weapons for treating tumors.
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AbstractMurine models of pulmonary tumors have long provided investigators a reliable and reproducible method of testing the therapeutic efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy. Adoptive immunotherapy involves the generation of tumor-specific immune cells which, following activation and culture in vitro, can mediate regression of established tumors following transfer into a tumor-bearing host. KeywordsPulmonary MetastasisAdoptive TransferLymph Node CellAdoptive ImmunotherapyEstablished TumorThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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The generation of T lymphocytes with specific reactivity against tumor antigens is a prerequisite for effective adoptive transfer therapies. Melanoma-specific lymphocyte cultures can be established from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) by in vitro culture in high levels of IL-2. We have optimized methods for generating melanoma-reactive TIL cultures from small resected tumor specimens. We report a retrospective analysis of 860 attempted TIL cultures from 90 sequential melanoma biopsy specimens from 62 HLA-A2+ patients. Multiple independent TIL derived from a single tumor often exhibited substantial functional and phenotypic variation. Tumor specific activity was detected in TIL from 29 (81%) of 36 patients screened. TIL cultures selected for high activity were generally capable of large numerical expansion using a single round of a rapid expansion protocol. Limited clonal T-cell populations in an oligoclonal TIL culture could confer specific tumor recognition in these highly selected, highly expanded TIL cultures. These methods were efficient at generating TILs suitable for adoptive transfer therapy.
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Adoptive immunotherapy is an approach to cancer treatment that has not received significant evaluation in cancer patients. Recent developments in modern cellular immunology have expanded the opportunities for utilizing adoptive immunotherapy in humans. A variety of animal models have been developed utilizing the adoptive transfer of immune cells that can mediate the regression of established murine tumors. Analyses of these models are defining the important criteria necessary for the application of this approach to humans. Studies of the immune response of human cells to autologous tumors are identifying cells with antitumor reactivity that may be of value in the treatment of human malignancy. Preliminary clinical studies have been performed demonstrating the feasibility of infusing large numbers of activated lymphoid cells into humans. Adoptive immunotherapy is an approach to the treatment of cancer that deserves further study.
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Adoptive Cell Transfer
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The immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic effects of LAK cells transferred adoptively on L615-suffering mice were studied. The results showed that adoptive transfer of LAK cells could increase the survival rate of the mice and prolong the mean survival time of mice with advanced L615 leukemia. IL-2 in appropriate concentration was required in the adoptive immunotherapy, and the combined use of LAK cells with 5-FU or IFN-r had no additive immunotherapeutic effects. The results also revealed that the immunotherapeutic activity of the transferred LAK cells maintained a relatively long period of time in the host body.
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Abstract The passive transfer of immune lymphocytes into the tumor- bearing host or cancer patient is known as ‘ adoptive immunotherapy’ . The requirements for successful adoptive immunotherapy in animal models involve the ability to generate tumor-reactive cells in sufficient quantities to cause tumor rejection in vivo (Greenberg 1991; Chang and Shu 1992). Compared with other immunotherapeutic modalities, such as cytokines, vaccines, or antibodies, adoptive immunotherapy has been significantly more effective in mediating regression of advanced tumor burdens in animal models (Chou et al. 1988a; Rosenberg et al. 1986). The translation of animal studies to the clinical setting required the development of methods to culture lymphocytes in bulk quantities.
Adoptive immunotherapy
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Cancer Immunotherapy
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Adoptive Cell Transfer
Adoptive immunotherapy
Cancer Immunotherapy
Cell therapy
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