Decriminalization of drunkenness: effects on the work of suburban police.
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Abstract:
A seemingly paradoxical increase in the number of drinking-related jail-cell detentions occurred in 10 Massachusetts suburbs after the decriminalization of public drunkenness in that state.Keywords:
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Background: A number of public health professional organizations support the decriminalization of cannabis due to adverse effects of cannabis-related arrests and legal consequences, particularly on youth. We sought to examine the associations between cannabis decriminalization and both arrests and youth cannabis use in five states that passed decriminalization measures between the years 2008 and 2014: Massachusetts (decriminalized in 2008), Connecticut (2011), Rhode Island (2013), Vermont (2013), and Maryland (2014).
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Conceptual Framework 3. Anti-prostitution Law and Human Rights 4. Responses to HIV and Sex Work 5. Impacts of Anti-prostitution Policing on HIV Risks of Sex Workers 6. Conclusion and Recommendations: Decriminalization of Sex Work
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There is a line of demarcation between legalization and decriminalization in the perspective of criminal policy . Decriminalization includes de jure decriminalization and de facto decriminalization. As yet China hasn't possessed conditions in which euthanasia is given to de jure decriminalization, action of euthanasia should be treated by de facto decriminalization in China, and conditions in which de facto decriminalization applies to euthanasia should be strictly restricted .
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Journal Article From Law Enforcement to Protection? Interactions Between Sex Workers and Police in a Decriminalized Street-based Sex Industry Get access Lynzi Armstrong Lynzi Armstrong Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 57, Issue 3, 1 May 2017, Pages 570–588, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azw019 Published: 17 February 2016
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This article explores the activities of George Soros and his charitable organization, Open Society Foundations (OSF), in advocating for the full decriminalization of the sex trade industry. Research finds that OSF spends only a small amount of money on grass roots “sex worker” groups around the world advocating for full decriminalization, but the foundation awards larger amounts of funds to large human rights groups whose reports and policies have a wider reach. OSF’s rationale for full decriminalization fails to consider violence and coercion in the sex trade industry, misreads research, and does not include research from venues where full decriminalization of prostitution has occurred. Thus OSF and its grantees have created a partial view on prostitution that they advocate to the public. Those concerned with trafficking for sexual exploitation, violence, coercion, and abuse in prostitution should be cognizant of these strategies used by decriminalization advocates funded by OSF and be prepared to point out the unsupported assumptions and meet OSF’s allegations with proven facts.
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At present the crime rate in China is rising continually,so that criminal judicature is under great pressure.It is essential for the judicial practice in China to to study the approach of decriminalization.Usually defined in a broad sense,decriminalization consists of decriminalization by legislation and judiciary.Decriminalization by judiciary is the primary pattern.As a result of the social condition in the transition period and criminal legislation mode in China,decriminalization by judicial practice is the main route.Decriminalization by judicial practice includes decriminalization in investigation,prosecution and trial.In each period of decriminalization,the concrete methods are different.
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The concept of decriminalization is defined differently at home and overseas.On the basis of the criminal legal system in our country,decriminalization means that activities should have been punished as crimes should not be taken as crimes and the systems and processes of punishment should be stopped.Decriminalization can be divided into two parts: decriminalization of the law and decriminalization of the fact.Decriminalization of the law can also be divided into four parts: legality,administrative illegality,civil illegality and neutralization of state attitude.Decriminalization of the fact can be divided into decriminalization in recourse and decriminalization in judgment.Decriminalization is different from non-punishment and depenalization.
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Abstract When there is a consensus that classifying an act or behavior as a crime is no longer justifiable, unenforceable, or society simply no longer views it as a threat, decriminalization offers a means to remove the criminal sanctions attached to the act or behavior. This occurrence is most closely associated with victimless crimes, but the specific crimes discussed for decriminalization vary from area to area such as prostitution in the United States and homosexuality in Germany. The crime most associated with debates about decriminalization is drug use, more specifically, marijuana use. Although frequently discussed, marijuana decriminalization has only occurred in limited areas due to concerns over increased marijuana use after decriminalization and the possibility of a gateway effect toward other illicit substances. Despite these concerns, research has shown only minimal increases in drug use in areas following decriminalization that often mirrors increases in areas that have not decriminalized.
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A comparison between homosexual males in two Australian states, Victoria (prior to decriminalization of homosexuality) and South Australia (eight years after decriminalization), indicated that the consequences of decriminalization did not include an increase in the negative aspects of homosexuality, such as public solicitation or sexually transmitted disease. Findings suggest that as a consequence of decriminalization, the psychological adjustment of homosexual men will increase and sexually transmitted diseases and public solicitation will decrease. These data are tentatively interpreted as indicating that there are few if any negative consequences of decriminalizing homosexuality, and a number of positive consequences.
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Male Homosexuality
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