Mechanical Behaviours of Open-Cell and Closed-Cell Aluminium Foams against Spherical-Nosed Projectile Penetration
1
Citation
6
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
In this paper, the mechanical behaviours of open-cell and closed-cell aluminium foams against spherical-nosed projectile penetration are studied theoretically. An analytical model based on dynamic cavity expansion theory and previous experiment data is presented. The analytical equations are derived for the penetration resistance and the final penetration depth during the whole penetrating process. The effects of the mass density of target material, the geometry and initial velocity of the projectiles on the final penetration depth are investigated in detail. It is shown that the final penetration depth mostly lie on the density of aluminium foams and the kinetic energy of projectile. When the density of target is smaller, the final penetration depth of projectile in the closed-cell aluminium foams target is obviously smaller than that in the open-cell aluminium foams target. Meanwhile, with the increase of density of target and the decrease of initial impact velocity, the difference of the capacity of absorbing energy between open-cell and closed-cell aluminium foams targets becomes gradually narrow.Keywords:
Penetration (warfare)
In order to determine the effects of target thickness on the penetration and cratering of a target resulting from impacts by high-velocity projectiles, a series of experimental tests have been run. The projectile-target material combinations investigated were aluminum projectiles impacting aluminum targets and steel projectiles impacting aluminum and copper targets. The velocity spectrum ranged from 4,000 ft/sec to 13,000 ft/sec. It has been found that the penetration is a function of target thickness provided that the penetration is greater than 20 percent of the target thickness. Targets of a thickness such that the penetration amounts to less than 20 percent of the thickness may be regarded as quasi-infinite. An empirical formula has been established relating the penetration to the target thickness and to the penetration of a projectile of the same mass, configuration, and velocity into a quasi- infinite target. In particular, it has been found that a projectile can completely penetrate a target whose thickness is approximately one and one-half times as great as the penetration of a similar projectile into a quasi-infinite target. The diameter of a crater has also been found to be a function of the target thickness provided that the target thickness is not greater than the projectile length in the case of cylindrical projectiles and not greater than two to three times the projectile diameter in the case of spherical projectiles.
Penetration (warfare)
Cite
Citations (6)
The ballistic characteristics and penetration depth in the different soil media with vertical attitude are obtained by experiments of the low velocity projectile penetrating into hard soil,mid-hard soil and mid-soft soil.Further,the nondimensional equation on penetration depth in different soil media with the projectile dynamic pressure is fitted by test results.Based on the different penetration features with low velocity projectile penetrating the different soils in the paper,the penetration resistance of different hard or soft soil and the penetration characteristics of projectile can be calibrated effectively.Comparing with the experimental results,it is verified that Young penetration equations can be applied to the condition of penetration depth less than three times of projectile diameter.
Penetration (warfare)
Penetration test
Cite
Citations (2)
High velocity long-rod kinetic energy projectile penetrating into multilayer spaced metal plates was simulated,the residual length and the residual velocity of kinetic energy projectile with different velocity were analyzed.The result indicates the abrasion of the kinetic energy projectile result in the decrease of velocity,and the kinetic energy projectile with higher velocity is eroded more badly.
Abrasion (mechanical)
Cite
Citations (0)
In order to study the damage effect of long-rod kinetic energy projectiles with different velocity on target board with different velocity by different attack angle and impact angle,the penetration was simulated by ABAQUS,the residual velocity,deflection angle,torsion angle,the residual mass of kinetic energy projectile and the damage area of plate were analyzed.The result indicates the angle of attack in 60 degrees or so is better for penetration ability,and the smaller or larger the angle of attack is,the better is the damage ability;The damage ability of the kinetic energy projectile declines as oblique penetration.
Penetration (warfare)
Deflection angle
Impact energy
Cite
Citations (0)
The penetration process of rod projectile into concrete target is very complex, and the theoretical analysis is very difficult. In this paper, by using the engineering approximation method, through some reasonable simplification of the rod projectile penetration model, the analytical formulas of the penetration resistance, penetration depth and other important physical quantities are established. Through the calculation of penetration depth, when the sliding friction coefficient is 0.1, the results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The results show that the higher the projectile density and the sharper the shape of the warhead, the stronger the penetration ability.
Penetration (warfare)
Warhead
Penetration test
Cite
Citations (0)
3D Numerical Simulation for the Normal Penetration of Kinetic Energy Projectile into Concrete Target
With LS-DYNA3D,the normal penetration of kinetic energy projectile into concrete target is simulated.According to the simulation results,the penetration picture is obtained,and the process of penetration is analyzed;the curves affected by different initial velocity are drawn,and the law of penetration into concrete target affected by the initial velocity of kinetic energy projectile is studied,which can provide reference base for the study of penetration into concrete target.
Penetration (warfare)
Penetration test
Cite
Citations (0)
To study the damage status of the high-speed kinetic energy projectile penetrating into the plane,this paper analyzed the damage mode and level,and simulated the damage process of penetrating into the aircraft with the software of ABAQUS.The different damage statuses of the aircraft penetrated by different diameter and velocity of kinetic energy projectile were got,providing the reference for the high-speed kinetic energy projectile mutilating application to the aircraft.
Cite
Citations (0)
In order to analyze the impact acceleration of the projectile impacting the aluminum foam material, a dynamic non-linear finite element model of the projectile impacting the closed-cell aluminum foam experiment device was established and verified by the experiment. It is found that the numerical simulation results of projectile impact closed-cell aluminum foam are consistent with the change of experimental results. When the projectile impacts the homogeneous closed-cell aluminum foam, the impact acceleration is trapezoidal and the impact peak and pulse width are related to the density of the aluminum foam material. With the increase of the porosity of the aluminum foam, the peak value of the acceleration rises and the pulse width of acceleration decreases.
Cite
Citations (0)
Impact energy
Kinetic Theory
Cite
Citations (3)
Based on the dynamic spherical cavity expansion (SCE) theory of the concrete materials and the analysis of the experimental data, both the model of the petaling penetration with low speed and the model of the round hole penetration with high speed are constructed to describe the penetration of the grooved-tapered projectile in this paper. The penetration depth and the mass abrasion are calculated using the models, so are the change of the velocity and the acceleration of the projectile with the time in the stage of the low speed penetration. The results show for the grooved-tapered projectile penetrating the concrete, the error of the penetration depth and the mass abrasion between the theoretical value calculated using the petaling penetration model and the experimental data is less than 11%, when the initial velocity is lower than about 1000m/s. When the initial velocity is higher than about 1000m/s, the error of the penetration depth between the theoretical value calculated using the round hole penetration model and the experimental data is more than 20%, and the mass abrasion calculated is almost coincide with the experimental data. The research shows the models are suitable for the analysis of the grooved-tapered projectile penetrating the concrete target, and the grooved-tapered projectile is more valuable in the high speed penetration.
Penetration (warfare)
Abrasion (mechanical)
Cite
Citations (2)