Scores on Trait and State Anxiety of Female Karateka before the Commencement of Shotokan Karate Training
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Abstract:
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered to 17 female karateka immediately prior to Shotokan karate practice. As no difference between mean Trait and State Anxiety scores was found, it was suggested that this may be seen as a reflection of the changing times.Keywords:
Trait anxiety
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People vary in their emotion preferences (i.e., desired emotional states). No study, however, has examined the nature of emotion preferences in anxiety. The current study utilized a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) paradigm to investigate the daily dynamics of emotion preferences and state emotion as they relate to individual differences in trait anxiety and anxiety symptom severity. Individuals with higher levels of trait anxiety and with more severe anxiety symptoms report greater preferences for state anxiety compared to their low anxiety counterparts. Relations between anxiety preferences and subsequent anxiety vary as a function of trait anxiety and symptom severity, and different associations are observed between the two measures of anxiety. The current findings suggest that aberrant emotion preferences may contribute to emotion dysfunction in anxiety, and highlight emotion preferences as a novel treatment target for interventions that aim to improve emotion functioning among people with elevated levels of anxiety.
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This study aims to determine changes in the anxiety levels of female college students in relation to their swimming skills. The results of the study were obtained from 141 female college students enrolled at the University of Kebangsaan Malaysia. Breaststroke was used in order to evaluate their swimming skills, while Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to evaluate their anxiety levels. The analysis and observations confirmed a moderately strong correlation (r = -0.407, sig .000) between the level of anxiety (state anxiety) experienced in the water and swimming skills. The results showed that learning how to swim decreases the anxiety levels of female college students. We suggest that taking up this activity might have benefits for students with high levels of anxiety.
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To investigate the effect on sociability development related with sport action enforcement of child, questionaire is used. The sociability test(pre,post) on sport action enforcement group and control group of child was inspected statistically. The 1-5% level of significance was used as the critical level for acception in this study. On the basis of the res alts analyzed in this study, the conclusion could be drawn as follows. 1. The experiment group (sport group) and control group in pretest of total sociability trait showed nonsignificant difference but showed significant difference of 5% level in post test. 2. In effect analysis according to each subfactor of sociability, both group in pretest showed nonsignificant difference but, cooperation trait, independance trait, subsociability trait, showed difference of 5% level in both group. 3. In effect analysis according to each subfactor on sociability related with sex, the sex in pre test showed nonsignificant difference but, subsociability trait, in dependance trait, total side in male of post test showed significant difference in 1%, 5% level of each. The case of female showed nonsignificant difference in each group. 4. In difference inspection (pre,post) on sociability test of exercise group, the total subfactor (law abiding trait, cooperation trait, subsociability) exception independance trait showed significant difference of 1% level. 5. The male in sociability test (pre,post) related with sex of exercise group showed significant difference of 1-5% level in total sociability subfactor but, the female in subfactor exception independance trait showed significant difference of 1-5% level. 6. The sport action participation effected on sociability development of element school student.
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Pre-operative anxiety is unpleasant state of tension or uneasiness that results from patient doubt and fear before an operation. This study aims at assessing level of state and trait anxiety and other associated factors among preoperative patient.A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 195 patients above 18 years of age planned for elective surgery the following day in different departments in tertiary care center. State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and self-designed semi structured pro-forma was used to assess anxiety and patient particulars respectively.There were 195 patients in study among which 93(47.7%) underwent major surgery and 102 (52.3%) underwent minor surgery. The mean State Anxiety Score was 45.89±12.502. The mean Trait Anxiety Score was 43.17±9.342. State and Trait anxiety differed significantly in male and female patients. Trait Anxiety was associated with education and marital status.There was no significant difference in anxiety level in patient undergoing major and minor surgery. Male and female patients differed significantly in both State and Trait Anxiety.
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The prevalence of library anxiety among college students has been acknowledged by librarians and educators for over a decade. However, there are still people who question whether library anxiety is a real phenomenon. The importance of library anxiety among graduate students is particularly challenged. This study examined the relationship between library anxiety and trait anxiety of 115 graduate students in the United States. Findings revealed that trait anxiety was not significantly related to any of the five dimensions of library anxiety, suggesting that library anxiety is a unique, independent phenomenon. Therefore, library anxiety should be taken seriously. An action‐research approach to addressing library anxiety was recommended.
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The relationship between self-reported anxiety and stuttering was explored. Although previous research has mostly shown that persons who stutter are no more anxious than persons who do not stutter, many of these studies had inadequate power to detect significant differences. In this study, a large number of stutterers were assessed on state and trait anxiety before, and on trait anxiety after, intensive behavioral treatment. Their levels of anxiety were compared to those of nonstuttering controls matched for gender, age, and occupational status. Results showed that persons who stutter had significantly higher levels of fear (state anxiety) in a demanding speech situation. They were also shown to have higher levels of chronic anxiety (trait anxiety) than matched controls. However, trait anxiety measured after treatment was within normal levels. Although not allowing the conclusion that anxiety causes stuttering, these results do have important implications for the management of the disorder.
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ABSTRACT Defensive individuals have been shown to differ from non‐defensive individuals on a number of physiological and behavioral measures. We report two studies on observers' inferences of defensiveness, and the contribution of communication channels in the inference of defensiveness. Observers judged high and low state anxious segments of high and low trait anxious defensive and nondefensive individuals. Accurate assessments were made of ( a ) defensiveness, ( b ) state anxiety, and ( c ) trait anxiety: Individuals with higher levels of each variable were perceived as more anxious compared with the lower level. Effects for defensiveness and state anxiety were greater in audio‐only segments, while effects for trait anxiety were greater in video‐only segments. Inferences of defensiveness were greater at higher levels of state anxiety and trait anxiety. Low trait anxious defensive individuals were perceived as more anxious than the true low trait anxious. Results for defensiveness and trait anxiety were replicated in Study 2, and observers' perceptions of state anxiety matched individuals' self‐reports: Defensive individuals with maximal differences between high and low state anxiety were seen as more anxious in high state anxiety, while defensive individuals with minimal differences between high and low state anxiety were regarded as less anxious in high state anxiety.
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60 female college students were selected on the basis of extreme scores on the Dogmatism Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Trait Anxiety (A-Trait) Scale to work on a computer-assisted learning task of difficult mathematical problems. Contrary to expectations, high and low dogmatic subjects, when controlled for A-Trait, did not differ in the level of state anxiety (A-State) displayed during the learning task. As hypothesized, high A-Trait subjects had significantly higher levels of A-State during the experiment than low A-Trait subjects. Neither A-Trait nor dogmatism was related to errors on the task. However, a significant interactive effect of mathematical ability and A-State on performance was observed. Consistent with drive theory, high A-State resulted in more errors for subjects of low mathematical ability but had no effect on the performance of subjects of high mathematical ability.
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Summary The source of the covariation between the state and trait scales of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was investigated in 73 male and female undergraduates with use of correlations between factors identified by Endler and Magnusson and by Loo. It was found that the lesser factors carried the covariation and that method variance, rather than content overlap of items, may be responsible for the covariation between the two scales.
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