Comparison of sciatic nerve regeneration through silicone tubes and nerve allografts
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Abstract:
Abstract Sciatic nerve regeneration through implanted silicone tubes was compared to allogenic nerve grafting in 30 adult female Sprague‐Dawley rats. Regeneration was assessed at 10, 24, and 90 days post‐transection. Axonal regrowth through the implanted neural prostheses was evaluated with electromyography and histologic examination.Keywords:
Epineurial repair
It has been confirmed that nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit can promote peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. However, its efficiency in repair of over 30-mm-long sciatic nerve defects needs to be assessed. In this study, we used a nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit to bridge a 30-mm-long gap in the rat sciatic nerve. At 4 months after nerve conduit implantation, regenerated nerves were macroscopically observed and histologically assessed. In the nanofibrous graft, the rat sciatic nerve trunk had been reconstructed by restoration of nerve continuity and formation of myelinated nerve fiber. There were Schwann cells and glial cells in the regenerated nerves. Masson’s trichrome staining showed that there were no pathological changes in the size and structure of gastrocnemius muscle cells on the operated side of rats. These findings suggest that nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit is suitable for repair of long-segment sciatic nerve defects.
Nerve guidance conduit
Epineurial repair
Masson's trichrome stain
Gastrocnemius muscle
Peripheral nerve injury
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Injury severity, operative technique and nerve regeneration are important factors to consider when constructing a model of peripheral nerve injury. Here, we present a novel peripheral nerve injury model and compare it with the complete sciatic nerve transection method. In the experimental group, under a microscope, a 3-mm longitudinal incision was made in the epineurium of the sciatic nerve to reveal the nerve fibers, which were then transected. The small, longitudinal incision in the epineurium was then sutured closed, requiring no stump anastomosis. In the control group, the sciatic nerve was completely transected, and the epineurium was repaired by anastomosis. At 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, Wallerian degeneration was observed in both groups. In the experimental group, at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, distinct medullary nerve fibers and axons were observed in the injured sciatic nerve. Regular, dense myelin sheaths were visible, as well as some scarring. By 12 weeks, the myelin sheaths were normal and intact, and a tight lamellar structure was observed. Functionally, limb movement and nerve conduction recovered in the injured region between 4 and 12 weeks. The present results demonstrate that longitudinal epineural incision with nerve transection can stably replicate a model of Sunderland grade IV peripheral nerve injury. Compared with the complete sciatic nerve transection model, our method reduced the difficulties of micromanipulation and surgery time, and resulted in good stump restoration, nerve regeneration, and functional recovery.
Epineurium
Epineurial repair
Peripheral nerve injury
Nerve Injury
Sciatic nerve injury
Wallerian degeneration
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Citations (13)
Injury severity, operative technique and nerve regeneration are important factors to consider when constructing a model of peripheral nerve injury. Here, we present a novel peripheral nerve injury model and compare it with the complete sciatic nerve transection method. In the experimental group, under a microscope, a 3-mm longitudinal incision was made in the epineurium of the sciatic nerve to reveal the nerve fibers, which were then transected. The small, longitudinal incision in the epineurium was then sutured closed, requiring no stump anastomosis. In the control group, the sciatic nerve was completely transected, and the epineurium was repaired by anastomosis. At 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, Wallerian degeneration was observed in both groups. In the experimental group, at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, distinct medullary nerve fibers and axons were observed in the injured sciatic nerve. Regular, dense myelin sheaths were visible, as well as some scarring. By 12 weeks, the myelin sheaths were normal and intact, and a tight lamellar structure was observed. Functionally, limb movement and nerve conduction recovered in the injured region between 4 and 12 weeks. The present results demonstrate that longitudinal epineural incision with nerve transection can stably replicate a model of Sunderland grade IV peripheral nerve injury. Compared with the complete sciatic nerve transection model, our method reduced the difficulties of micromanipulation and surgery time, and resulted in good stump restoration, nerve regeneration, and functional recovery.
Epineurium
Epineurial repair
Peripheral nerve injury
Nerve Injury
Wallerian degeneration
Sciatic nerve injury
Neurolysis
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Objective-Effect of local administration of laminin and fibronectin on nerve regeneration was assessed. Design- Experimental study. Animal- Sixty male Wistar rats. Procedures- The animals were divided into four experimental groups (n=15), randomly: In transected group left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in adjacent muscle. In treatment group (CHIT/LF) the defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit filled with 10 µL mixture at a concentration of 1 mg/ml laminin and 1 mg/ml fibronectin in a 1:1 volumetric addition. In CHIT group the conduit was filled with phosphate-buffered saline. In normal control group sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups of five animals each and nerve fibers were studied in a 12-week period. Results- Behavioral, functional, gastrocnemius muscle mass findings and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in CHIT/LF than in CHIT group (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical reactions to S-100 in CHIT/LF were more positive than that in CHIT group. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Laminin-fibronectin improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. They could be considered as an effective treatment for peripheral nerve repair in practice.
Nerve guidance conduit
Epineurial repair
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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bridging a gap in rat sciatic nerve of 60-day defect with artificial nerve graft. Methods Left sciatic nerves of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were transected at the mid-thigh level to form nerve defect.After two months,eight rats with artificial nerve graft bridged defect were used as the experiment group.Autologous nerve grafts were used as the positive control in six rats,and another six rats keep defect as the negative control.Three months after the operation,a combination of electrophysiology examination,gastrocnemius muscle wet weight,histological assessment including light microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were utilized to evaluate the nerve repair effects. Results In the artificial nerve graft group,the motor nerve conduction velocity,gastrocnemius muscle wet weight,the average thickness of regeneration myelin sheath and G ratio were similar to those of the autologous nerve graft group.Conclusion Artificial nerve graft can be used for bridging a gap in 60-day nerve defect rat model.
Epineurial repair
Gastrocnemius muscle
Motor nerve
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It is well known that peripheral nerve injury should be treated immediately in the clinic, but in some instances, repair can be delayed. This study investigated the effects of immediate versus delayed (3 days after injury) neurorrhaphy on repair of transected sciatic nerve in New Zealand rabbits using stereological, histomorphological and biomechanical methods. At 8 weeks after immediate and delayed neurorrhaphy, axon number and area in the sciatic nerve, myelin sheath and epineurium thickness, Schwann cell morphology, and the mechanical property of nerve fibers did not differ obviously. These results indicate that delayed neurorrhaphy do not produce any deleterious effect on sciatic nerve repair.
Epineurium
Epineurial repair
Nerve repair
Peripheral nerve injury
Nerve Injury
Sciatic nerve injury
Schwann cell
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Objective: Using a self-developed chitosan with good biocompatibility to build artificial nerves to repair defects in rat's sciatic nerve and a study was made to confirm the repair effect.Methods: 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(A: normal control group,B: in situ nerve graft group,C: Artificial neural bridge group).Sciatic nerve were cut off with the deal accordingly,12 weeks later,the nerve electrophysiological testing was performed.Results:12 weeks later,the nerve has been a long paragraph defect,the function of nerve conduction recovered.Conclusion: This casing can effectively bridge the Sciatic Nerve defect of 10mm in rats and can be used in the treatment of peripheral nerve defects.At the same time it can serve as a good carrier for the further development of tissue-engineered artificial nerves.
Epineurial repair
Bridge (graph theory)
Nerve guidance conduit
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It is well known that peripheral nerve injury should be treated immediately in the clinic,but in some instances,repair can be delayed.This study investigated the effects of immediate versus delayed(3 days after injury)neurorrhaphy on repair of transected sciatic nerve in New Zealand rabbits using stereological,histomorphological and biomechanical methods.At 8 weeks after immediate and delayed neurorrhaphy,axon number and area in the sciatic nerve,myelin sheath and epineurium thickness,Schwann cell morphology,and the mechanical property of nerve fibers did not differ obviously.These results indicate that delayed neurorrhaphy do not produce any deleterious effect on sciatic nerve repair.
Epineurium
Epineurial repair
Nerve repair
Nerve Injury
Peripheral nerve injury
Sciatic nerve injury
Schwann cell
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Citations (3)
It has been confirmed that nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit can promote peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. However, its efficiency in repair of over 30-mm-long sciatic nerve defects needs to be assessed. In this study, we used a nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit to bridge a 30-mm-long gap in the rat sciatic nerve. At 4 months after nerve conduit implantation, regenerated nerves were cally observed and histologically assessed. In the nanofibrous graft, the rat sciatic nerve trunk had been reconstructed by restoration of nerve continuity and formation of myelinated nerve fiber. There were Schwann cells and glial cells in the regenerated nerves. Masson's trichrome staining showed that there were no pathological changes in the size and structure of gastrocnemius muscle cells on the operated side of rats. These findings suggest that nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit is suitable for repair of long-segment sciatic nerve defects.
Nerve guidance conduit
Epineurial repair
Peripheral nerve injury
Masson's trichrome stain
Gastrocnemius muscle
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Citations (29)