Communesins, cytotoxic metabolites of a fungus isolated from a marine alga
Atsushi NumataChika TakahashiYoshinori ItoTamie TakadaKenzo KawaiYoshihide UsamiEiko MatsumuraMisako ImachiTadayoshi ItoTōru Hasegawa
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Strain (injury)
Marine fungi
Interactions between mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus variegatus and the wood decomposing fungus Hypholoma fasciculare were studied in soil microcosms. The ectomycorrhizal mycelium extended from Pinus sylvestris seedlings and the saprotrophic fungus grew out into the soil from birch wood blocks of two alternative sizes. Transfer of 32P between the interacting mycelia was measured non-destructively using electronic autoradiography. The outcome of the interactions was clearly affected by the size of the wood blocks. In systems with large wood blocks (1.6 cm3) the wood decomposer fungus overgrew the mycelium of the mycorrhizal fungus whereas in systems with small wood blocks (0.44 cm3) the mycorrhizal mycelium overgrew the wood decomposer fungus. The saprotrophic fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled mycorrhizal mycelium when growing out from larger wood blocks. The mycorrhizal fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled saprotrophic mycelium when the wood blocks were smaller.
Decomposer
Microcosm
Ectomycorrhiza
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Objective To search for novel antifungal structures produced by marine fungus.Methods Using the Pyricularia oryzae (P.oryzaae) bioassay method to screen marine fungi led to the isolation of marine fungus 09-1-1-1.Active metabolites were isolated from the broth of the marine fungus 09-1-1-1.Results Two compounds were extracted from the mycelium and their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods as 3a,12c-dihydro-8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7H-furo\furo\xanthen-7-one(Ⅰ,sterigmatocystin) and 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyhexyl)anthraquinone(Ⅱ,averantin).Conclusion The P.oryzae bioassay was a cheap,quick and convenient method for the screening of bioactive substances from marine fungi.Compound Ⅱ showed potent inhibitory activity to the mycelia of P.oryzae.The MIC of compound Ⅱagainst P.oryzae was 1.6 μg·mL~(-1).
Pyricularia
Sterigmatocystin
Marine fungi
Aspergillus oryzae
Secondary metabolite
Aspergillus versicolor
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Interactions between mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus variegatus and the wood decomposing fungus Hypholoma fasciculare were studied in soil microcosms. The ectomycorrhizal mycelium extended from Pinus sylvestris seedlings and the saprotrophic fungus grew out into the soil from birch wood blocks of two alternative sizes. Transfer of 32P between the interacting mycelia was measured non-destructively using electronic autoradiography. The outcome of the interactions was clearly affected by the size of the wood blocks. In systems with large wood blocks (1.6 cm3) the wood decomposer fungus overgrew the mycelium of the mycorrhizal fungus whereas in systems with small wood blocks (0.44 cm3) the mycorrhizal mycelium overgrew the wood decomposer fungus. The saprotrophic fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled mycorrhizal mycelium when growing out from larger wood blocks. The mycorrhizal fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled saprotrophic mycelium when the wood blocks were smaller.
Decomposer
Microcosm
Ectomycorrhiza
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The potential anti-tumor agent wentilactones were produced by a newly isolated marine fungus Aspergillus dimorphicus. This fungus was derived from deep-sea sediment and identified by polyphasic approach, combining phenotypic, molecular, and extrolite profiles. However, wentilactone production was detected only under static cultures with very low yields. In order to improve wentilactone production, culture conditions were optimized using the response surface methodology. Under the optimal static fermentation conditions, the experimental values were closely consistent with the prediction model. The yields of wentilactone A and B were increased about 11-fold to 13.4 and 6.5 mg/L, respectively. The result was further verified by fermentation scale-up for wentilactone production. Moreover, some small-molecule elicitors were found to have capacity of stimulating wentilactone production. To our knowledge, this is first report of optimized production of tetranorlabdane diterpenoids by a deep-sea derived marine fungus. The present study might be valuable for efficient production of wentilactones and fundamental investigation of the anti-tumor mechanism of norditerpenoids.
Marine fungi
Filamentous fungus
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Marine fungi
Aspergillus versicolor
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The symbiotic microorganisms fungus S9 was isolated using different cultural medium from marine organisms in Chongwu Sea.It′s physiological characters and relation between fermentation conditions and growth period were stuied.The experimental results show the optimum condition for the fermentation of the obtained marine fungal: concentration of sucrose is 5 g·L-1,concentration of peptone is 1.5 g·L-1,pH=6.5,fermentation time is 10 d.Fungal secondary metabolites have antagonistic activity on fungal growth.
Marine fungi
Filamentous fungus
Fungal growth
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Abstract Three new indole‐containing diketopiperazine alkaloids, named variecolorins M–O ( 1 – 3 ), together with the eight known analogues 4 – 11 , were isolated from a deep‐ocean sediment‐derived fungus, Penicillium griseofulvum. Their structures were determined by analysis of the spectroscopic data. The 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazinyl (DPPH) radical‐scavenging activities and the cell‐proliferation inhibitory activities of the three new compounds 1 – 3 were investigated.
Marine fungi
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Marine fungus has become the focus of study of marine natural active substances due to its advantageous resources and novel metabolites, In this paper, the domestic and foreign study situations of active substances produced by marine fungus are summarized in 4 aspects of anti-tumor substances, anti-bacteria substances, enzyme inhibitors and antagonists.
Marine fungi
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