The effects of water-stress on leaf H2 18O enrichment
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Water Stress
δ18O
δ18O
Oxygen-18
Equilibrium fractionation
Carbon fibers
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Abstract The transpiration response to recurrent light periods was studied'n water‐stressed wheat seedlings. Seedlings were stressed by three methods: addition of mannitol to the root medium, root cooling and drving of the roots in air. All three methods induced almost equal effects on transpiration regulation during alternating dark and light intervals. Exogenous abscisic acid supplied to the shoots of excised plants had qualitatively the same effect as water stress. Water stress and ABA increased the time lapse between light‐on and the onset of transpiration increase and lowered the amplitude of transpiration increase in light. Weak light introduced before strong light shortened the delay times.
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Mesoamerica
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Summary. Water-stress experiments with Phaseolus vulgar& L. were undertaken to determine the transpiration rate dependency of the naturally occurring leaf H2~80 fractionation process. Water-stress leaf H2~sO levels were observed to be unexpectedly higher than controls. Speculations on the cause of this phenomenon are discussed. Since transpiration rate variations should theoretically affect only the rate and not the extent of leaf Hz180 fractionation, the respective time courses for water-stressed and control leaf H2180 accumulations were compared. Water-stressed leaves displayed a slower rate of isotopic enrichment relative to controls, as was predicted from their reduced transpiration rates. In an absolute sense, however, both control and water-stress leaf H2180 fractionation rates were markedly greater than projected values from the existing model. Consequently, transpiration rates cannot be derived accurately at present from the observed rates of leaf Hzl80 discrimination. Several modifications of the theory are also considered.
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Water status of two native tree species on the Loess plateau was studied under different soil water contents. Results showed that leaf water potential of the species decreased with drought stress and began to ascend with the stress extended, this revealed that the selfregulation capacity of Acer stenolobum var. megalophyllum was higher than that of Quercus liaotungensis. Leaf water potential was related to leaf water content and it decided the leaf water status. Transpiration rate and resumed water of the species were significantly different on Sunday and cloudy day under different water stress. Q. liaotungensis had characteristics of high transpiration rate and high consumption water because of its large transpiration area and low retained water capacity .This result showed it fitted better water condition. A. stenolobum var. megalophyllum had characteristis of high transpiration rate and low consumption water and fitted medium and serious water stress. Especially it could live under serious water stress and had higher survival rate than Q. liaotungensis. Also its survival rate could get to 100 %. This result showed A. stenolobum var. megalophyllum had higher adaptability than Q. liaotungensis.
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A study of different grapevine tissues and organs (root, stem, leaf, fruit) water isotope fractionation models from high-quality wine grapes produced in the Helan Mountains, a key wine-producing area in northwestern China, was undertaken. Results showed that δ2H values of local groundwater sources were more negative than rivers and precipitation. Soil water δ2H and δ18O values were significantly higher than those of other environmental water sources. Water from the soil surface layer (0-30 cm, δ2H and δ18O values) was more positive than the deeper layer (30-60 cm), indicating that soil water has undergone a positive fractionation effect. δ2H and δ18O values of tissues and organs from different grape varieties followed a similar pattern but were more negative than the local atmospheric precipitation line (slope between 4.1 to 5.2). The 2H and 18O fractionation relationship in grapevine organs was similar, and 18O has a higher fractionation effect than 2H. δ2H and δ18O values showed a strong fractionation effect during the transportation of water to different grape organs (trend of stem > fruit > leaf). This study showed that 18/16O fractionation in grapes is more likely to occur under drought conditions and provides a theoretical basis to improve traceability accuracy and origin protection of wine production areas.
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Acoustic emissions (AE) could be used as an indicator of plant water stress as "speaking plant". The objective of this study was to observe the AE of tomato plant and to analyze the relationship between AE and plant water consumption associated with transpiration. Three glasshouse experiments were conducted with potted tomato plants. The AE, transpiration rate and "the plant transpiration transfer coefficient (hat)" as an indicator of plant water stress level were determined with hat being calculated based on sunlit leaf temperature, temperature of an artificial leaf without transpiration (hereafter,referred to as "non-transpiration leaf temperature") and air temperature. The results showed that the daily patterns of the AE varied depending on the water stress level, which was indicated by hat. Under mild or moderate water stress (hat ≦0) conditions, the AE increased with the decrease in the amount of soil water but decreased with the decrease in the amount of soil water under severe water stress conditions (0
Water Stress
Water consumption
Drought stress
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Water Stress
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