MHC class II region, CTLA4 gene, and ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves' disease
Amit AllahabadiaJ. M. HewardRatnasingam NithiyananthanS. GibsonTristan T. Q. ReuserPM DodsonJ. A. FranklynSCL Gough
77
Citation
6
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Genetic predisposition
Gene polymorphism
Cite
Citations (34)
Objective To explore the value of serum thyrotrophin receptor antibody (TRAb) on the pathological mechanism of Graves ophthalmopathy.Methods Two hundred and nineteen newly diagnosed Graves disease patients who were divided into Graves ophthalmopathy group (n=121) and without Graves ophthalmolpathy group (n=98) were tested serum concentration with thyroid function,thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb),thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and TRAb.According to the consensus statement of the European Group on Graves ophthalmopathy,clinical activity score (CAS)and severity evaluation were carried out on Graves ophthalmopathy patients.Results There was no significant difference in serum concentration of free thyroxine (FT4),free triiodothyronine (FT3),TPOAb and TRAb between the Graves ophthalmopathy group and the without Graves ophthalmopathy group.Serum concentration of TRAb was not correlated with the severity and CAS of Graves ophthalmopathy.Conclusions The CAS and the severity of Graves ophthalmopathy were irrelevant to the serum concentration of TRAb.Therefore,the correlation between TRAb and Graves ophthalmopathy still needs further study.
Key words:
Graves disease; Graves ophthalmopathy; Thyrotrophin receptor antibody
Trab
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Thyroid peroxidase
Thyrotropin receptor
Cite
Citations (0)
Objective To comparison the differences between Graves' ophthalmopathy and ophthalmic Graves' disease,then to provide a method of clinical diagnosis.Methods Clinical Clinical analysis and comparison of 69 Cases of Graves' ophthalmopathy and 38 cases of ophthalmic Graves' disease.Resluts The resluts showed that both diseases had common ocular features of broomsymptom lid retraction,upper lid lag and exophthalmos.Graves' ophthalmopathy tended to be obvious symptoms,occured in binocular,exophthalmos with a longer courselater,but ophthalmic Graves disease patients were more of young people,most with no obvious symptoms,occured in one eye exophthalmos.Triiodothyronine,thyroxine and thyrotropin in patients of ophthalmic Graves' disease were usually in normal common level by laboratory examinations when in Graves' ophthalmopathy patients they were more higher.Conclusion We should give exact diagnosis on Grave's ophthalmopathy by laboratory examinations.Except for Hyperthyroidism,ophthalmic Graves' disease's diagnosis should give X ray and B ultrasonography on orbit to eliminate site occupancy.Clinical doctor should improve recognition on Graves' ophthalmopathy and ophthalmic Graves' disease,to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
Exophthalmos
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Cite
Citations (0)
Graves' ophthalmopathy is the most common extra-thyroid manifestation in patients with Graves' disease, based on inflammatory and autoimmune conditions in orbital tissue. This practical guideline was formed by a multidiciplinary team, and is intended to provide guidance for diagnosis and management of Graves' ophthalmopathy in daily clinical practice to improve quality of care and treatment outcome.
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Guideline
Cite
Citations (10)
Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen(HLA)-E is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC)class I molecule,which is the 4th major histocompatibility complex (MHC)class I molecule that human have found following up that of HLA-A ,B,C. HLA-E is distinguished from the classical MHC class I molecule by limited allelic polymorphism,low expression on the cell surface and extensive tissue distribution.Human have paid great attention to the important role of HLA-E that it plays in maternal-placental immunological tolerance,transplantation immunization. as well as antitumor and antiviral immunity .
Histocompatibility
Histocompatibility Testing
Cite
Citations (0)
Th1 and Th2-like cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. The shift in balance in IL-12/IL-5 cytokines was applied in judging the immunological events in 74 patients with Graves' disease (50 had ophthalmopathy) during methimazole therapy and in 15 controls. The serum levels of IL-12 and IL-5 were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all Graves' patients. Twelve cases for IL-5 and 20 cases for IL-12 were positive. In Graves' patients only those without ophthalmopathy had higher levels of IL-12 when compared to controls (192.66 ± 29.19 vs. 85.09 ± 8.95 pg/ml, P < 0.04). After 2 months of methimazole therapy in Graves' patients without ophthalmopathy an increase in the ratio of IL-12 to IL-5 was also observed as compared to those with eye symptoms (91.78 ± 34.14 vs. 20.72 ± 6.36, P < 0.015). Age-related difference in the serum level of IL-5 could be demonstrated between Graves' patients without and those with ophthalmopathy aged ≤ 35 years (4.89 ± 0.57 vs. 50.14 ± 20.2 pg/ml, P < 0.002). No association was found among the serum levels of IL-5 or IL-12, thyroid hormones and TSH receptor antibodies.The results demonstrated a difference in the balance shift of IL-12/IL-5 between Graves' patients with and without ophthalmopathy. The increased ratio of IL-12 to IL-5 after methimazole therapy could be explained by the elevation of serum IL-12 due to methimazole therapy and the age-related decrease of serum IL-5.
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Methimazole
Pathogenesis
Thyrotropin receptor
Cite
Citations (19)
Objective To investigate the significance of detecting serum thyrotropin receptor antibodies(TRAb) in patients with Graves disease or Graves ophthalmopathy.Methods Serum TRAb was measured using radioimmunoassay in 83 patients with Graves disease(group A),73 patients with Graves ophthalmopathy(group B).Patients with Graves ophthalmopathy were assessed using clinical activity score(CAS) and the severity of Graves ophthalmopathy was evaluated using NOSPECS Grade.Results Serum concentration of TRAb was positively correlated with the activity and severity of Graves ophthalmopathy,which was higher in patients with middle and serious Graves ophthalmopathy than that in those with slight Graves ophthalmopathy(P0.05).ConclusionSignificant increase of serum TRAb may be taken as one of the markers to predict the development and guide the treatment in the patients with Graves ophthalmopathy.
Trab
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Clinical Significance
Cite
Citations (0)
MHC restriction
Pan-T antigens
Cite
Citations (25)
Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO), also known as thyroid-associated orbitopathy, is the main extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease.The symptoms of GO range from sore, gritty, and red eyes to do...
Tocilizumab
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Cite
Citations (2)
Objective To analyze the correlation between the therapeutic effect of Graves'hyperthyroidism and the outcomes of Graves' ophthalmopathy after 131I therapy,and to explore the effect of 131I treatment on turnout of Graves' ophthalmopathy.Methods Six hundreds and fifty-two patients of Graves' disease accompanied with Graves' ophthalmopathy,received one-time 131I treatment according to routine procedure.We recorded exophthalmometer readings,the signs and symptoms of eyes before therapy.Regular follow-up and appraisal of curative effect were carried out.Results At least six months after 131Itherapy,the effective rate of Graves' hyperthyroidism and Graves' ophthalmopathy were 94.3％ and 73.3％respectively.The total effective rate of hyperthyroidism with ophthalmophy was 71.2％.There was a significant correlation between the prognosis of Graves' ophthalmopathy and therapeutic efficacy of hyperthyroidism (r=0.302,P＜0.05).The outcomes of Graves' ophthalmopathy had no statistically differences between cured and hypothyroidism groups after 131I therapy (x2=0.296,P＞0.05).Conclusions The key to treat Graves' ophthalmopathy is the cure of Graves' hyperthyroidism through 131I therapy.The timely diagnosis and replacement treatment of hypothyroidism can effectively avoid the aggravation of Graves'ophthalmopathy after 131I therapy.
Key words:
Graves ophthalmopathy; Iodine radiosotopes; Drug therapy
Graves' ophthalmopathy
Radioiodine therapy
Antithyroid drugs
Therapeutic effect
Cite
Citations (0)