Distribution of Unemployment Spells and Survival Analysis: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
3
Citation
7
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
It is not enough to study the labour market only by analysing the static variables like rates of employment and unemployment. For the decision making on the labour market it is essential to see the movement of people into and out of jobs, the extent to which they can or cannot quickly find alternative employment and to which extent different groups of the labour force are more affected than others. Using the frailty models, as a specific area in survival analysis, we show that the durations of unemployment are sensitive to the educational level and gender. First, females are experiencing significantly longer durations of finding job than man. Second, better-educated individuals appear to find job more quickly than the less-educated. Finally, there is evidence of duration dependence in unemployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The re-employment hazard exhibits positive duration dependence in the first 59 months, and then declines approximately 60 months.Self-rated health
Spell
Eu countries
Longitudinal data
Longitudinal Study
Cite
Citations (76)
Western European countries with relatively generous unemployment insurance (UI) systems (such as Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK) have suffered much larger and more persistent increases in unemployment in the 1980s than has the USA. These differences in West European and US unemployment experience are largely explained by the substantially longer duration of unemployment spells in Europe. Furthermore, much microeconomic evidence indicates that there is a positive relation between the level of UI benefits received and the duration of the unemployment spells of UI recipients.2 These observations have generated much interest among both academics (for example, Minford, 1985) and the press (for example The Economist, 14–20 May 1988, p. 69) in the hypothesis that work disincentives arising from generous unemployment insurance (UI) systems have played an important role in high and persistent European unemployment in the 1980s.
Cite
Citations (0)
Abstract The increased interest in labor market theory and policy during the past years has also intensified the interest in the design and effects of the unemployment insurance system. Previously, economists concentrated mainly on the role of the system as an automatic stabilizer and on its effect on the income distribution. Lately, however, the attention has been primarily directed towards the effects of unemployment insurance on the allocation of resources and especially on the composition and extent of unemployment. It has been investigated, amons other things, if the creation of unemployment insurance or an increase in unemployment benefits within a given area has involved a rise in unemployment.
Cite
Citations (3)
This paper presents a framework for analyzing the relation of unemployment insurance to unemployment and applies the framework to evaluate recent developments in the UI literature and future research needs. Unemployment is decomposed into more basic elements related to the labor market flows which determine unemployment incidence and duration. It is also disaggregated by reason for unemployment -- e.g., entry into the labor force or quit last job. A matrix containing those definitional elements of unemployment which are potentially affected by the UI system forms the basis for organizing the discussion. Each component of unemployment which may be affected by variations in characteristics of the UI system is considered in turn. The discussion of each of these elements focuses on recent theoretical arid empirical studies which analyze how they are influenced by features of the UI system. By proceeding systematically through the elements which comprise unemployment and considering the major behavioral explanations linking the unemployment insurance system to unemployment, it is possible to determine where the analysis has proceeded satisfactorily and where major gaps remain.
Cite
Citations (0)
A model of unemployment duration is estimated with weekly micro data on a sample of Canadian men during the 1975 through 1980 period. Entitlement provisions in the unemployment insurance program and demand conditions are found to have a significant impact on the probability of leaving unemployment. The probability of a worker leaving unemployment declines with duration of unemployment, holding unemployment insurance entitlement constant. When entitlement is allowed to vary, the probability of leaving first falls and then generally rises with unemployment duration as the declining entitlement induces a greater willingness to accept offers or search more intensively. These results are robust to alternative specifications of duration dependence and to allowing for person-specific unobserved heterogeneity.
Entitlement (fair division)
Sample (material)
Cite
Citations (3)
In this article we examine research on effects of unemployment on mental health in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. We describe studies that use cross‐sectional, longitudinal and time‐series data, and we discuss studies that investigated the duration‐dependence issue in exit rates out of unemployment. Not surprisingly, cross‐sectional studies reveal that unemployed persons have worse mental health than do others. Most longitudinal studies suggest that unemployment is associated with deteriorating mental health, even though it is somewhat unclear how long such an effect persists. Most duration‐dependence studies were done using Swedish data. It turns out that unemployment benefits and labour‐market policies affect the pattern of exit rates out of unemployment.
Longitudinal data
Affect
Longitudinal Study
Cite
Citations (116)
Turnover
Search theory
Empirical evidence
Empirical Research
Cite
Citations (8)
This paper examines Australia’s scheme of unemployment protection and makes some comparisons with unemployment protection in the United States of America. Because unemployment protection arrangements in the two countries are very distinct, the paper initially describes two broad systems: unemployment insurance (UI) and unemployment assistance (UA) as alternative ways to protect workers against the effects of unemployment. Australia operates a system of unemployment protection that limits eligibility to unemployed persons and families with low income. Its system of unemployment assistance (UA) has existed for more than 50 years. The United States has operated unemployment insurance (UI) since the late 1930s.
Cite
Citations (1)
Cite
Citations (1)
Abstract We develop a measure of unemployment that takes into account both the duration and intensity of unemployment. This measure satisfies several desirable properties, including distribution sensitivity, which deals with differences among the unemployed. It is particularly suited to developing countries because individuals in these countries display considerable variation in labor force participation, unemployment duration, and unemployment intensity. It can also be decomposed into mean and variance components and contributions to unemployment by various subgroups of the population. We use this measure and data from National Sample Surveys on employment and unemployment to understand unemployment in India during the period 1993 to 2012. We show that unemployment has generally fallen, although the distribution of unemployment has worsened. Moreover, unemployment is driven to a greater extent by higher educated groups; the unemployment among these groups is also fairly substantial. We explain these findings and suggest some policies.
Sample (material)
Discouraged worker
Cite
Citations (4)