Comparative study of determining methods of soil water retention curve.
Paulo NascimentoL. H. BassoiVital Pedro da Silva PazCarlos Manoel Pedro VazJ. de M. NaimeJuliana Maria Manieri
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The first edition of Understanding Vineyard Soils has been praised for its comprehensive coverage of soil topics relevant to viticulture. However, the industry is dynamic--new developments are occurring, especially with respect to measuring soil variability, managing soil water, possible effects of climate change, rootstock breeding and selection, monitoring sustainability, and improving grape quality and the "typicity" of wines. All this is embodied in an increased focus on the terroir or "sense of place" of vineyard sites, with greater emphasis being placed on wine quality relative to quantity in an increasingly competitive world market. The promotion of organic and biodynamic practices has raised a general awareness of "soil health", which is often associated with a soil's biology, but which to be properly assessed must be focused on a soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. This edition of White's influential book presents the latest updates on these and other developments in soil management in vineyards. With a minimum of scientific jargon, Understanding Vineyard Soils explains the interaction between soils on a variety of parent materials around the world and grapevine growth and wine typicity. The essential chemical and physical processes involving nutrients, water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, moderated by the activities of soil organisms, are discussed. Methods are proposed for alleviating adverse conditions such as soil acidity, sodicity, compaction, poor drainage, and salinity. The pros and cons of organic viticulture are debated, as are the possible effects of climate change. The author explains how sustainable wine production requires winegrowers to take care of the soil and minimize their impact on the environment. This book is a practical guide for winegrowers and the lay reader who is seeking general information about soils, but who may also wish to pursue in more depth the influence of different soil types on vine performance and wine character.
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The aim of this study was to elucidate the soil forming processes of representative vineyard soils, and to discuss the implications on a soil-based viticultural zoning at very detailed scale.The study area is located in Priorat, Penedès and Conca de Barberà viticultural areas (Catalonia, North-eastern Spain).The studied soils belong to representative soil map units determined at 1:5,000 scale, according to Soil Taxonomy classification.The soil forming processes, identified through morphological and micromorphological analyses, have significant effects on some soil properties.For example, the different processes of clay accumulation in soils developed from granodiorites in Priorat or gravel deposits in Conca de Barberà, are primarily responsible for significant differences in clay content, available water capacity and cation exchange capacity.These soils properties, especially those related to soil moisture regime, have a direct influence on vineyard management and grape quality.However, soil forming processes are not always reflected on soil classification, especially in soils modified by man.We show that climate or geology alone cannot be used in viticultural zoning at very detailed scale, unless soil forming processes are taken into account.
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