Top Income Shares and Mortality: Evidence from Advanced Countries
0
Citation
35
Reference
10
Related Paper
Keywords:
Income shares
Adjusted gross income
Our study finds that income inequality among EU-15 citizens decreased remarkably from 1957 to 2017, with the Gini coefficient dropping by nearly 30 per cent. The process was very rapid until the mid-1980s. It then slowed gradually, to the point that inequality started rising at the beginning of the 2000s. The estimates of European income distribution and the inequality measures we compute are based on the method proposed by Sala-i-Martin (2006). This methodology overcomes the problem of the limited availability of long-term survey data on income by using income shares from the World Income Inequality Database.
Income shares
Cohesion (chemistry)
Social Inequality
Cite
Citations (0)
Inequality of income is termed as the uneven sharing of income among group of people. The research aimed to probe the impact of inequality in income has on the economic growth of Malta. Secondary data were gathered from Eurostats, World Bank and OECD national account for a 13-year period annually (2006-2018). Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model was employed for the study. Dependent variable- GDP per capita, Independent variable- Gini coefficient and control variables- High Income Proportion, Low Income Proportion, Second Income Proportion, Third Income Proportion and Fourth Income Proportion all expressed by 20 percent of the population were used. The result revealed a negative impact of income inequality on the Maltese economic growth. JEL: E01; E64; O11 Article visualizations:
Per capita income
Adjusted gross income
Total personal income
Net national income
Kuznets Curve
Gross domestic income
Cite
Citations (0)
Over the last decades, the share of income accruing to upper income groups and the overall inequality has increased in many developed countries. This thesis primary objective has been to analyse whether there is a cointegration between Norwegian top income shares and the inverted Pareto-Lorenz coefficient. If a cointegration relationship is found it means that the top income shares could be used as a proxy of inequality. The secondary objective was to investigate how the top income shares, along with the Gini coefficient evolved during the banking crisis in 1991-1992 and the recent financial crisis. The data used was derived from the World Income Inequality Database v.2 (WIID2) and the regressions cover the time period between 1960 until 2011. The main findings are that the top income shares can be used as a proxy and that the relative inequality in Norway was not affected much by neither the banking crisis, nor the financial crisis. The top income shares were more affected by the tax reform in 1992 and the implementation of a permanent dividend tax in 2006.
Income shares
Proxy (statistics)
Adjusted gross income
Norwegian
Comprehensive income
Cite
Citations (0)
Income shares
Adjusted gross income
Net national income
Total personal income
Sample (material)
Comprehensive income
Cite
Citations (0)
This study references Taiwan income tax statistics from 1977 to 2010 to discuss the changes in top income shares using Pareto interpolation, and to compare the changes in top incomes of Taiwan with those of western and Asian countries. The research results discover that the top income shares accumulated rapidly from the middle of 1990s to 2008, because of the dramatic increase of ”very top incomes.” Although the global financial crisis significantly influenced top incomes in Taiwan, the top income shares rebounded in 2010 and increased rapidly. The contribution of this study is the utilization of statistical data regarding individual income taxes by plotting income distributions of the top incomes that differ from that of the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure.
Income shares
Adjusted gross income
Comprehensive income
Net national income
Income in kind
Total personal income
Cite
Citations (0)
Income shares
Robustness
Household income
Survey data collection
Grouped data
Cite
Citations (13)
Our study finds that income inequality among EU-15 citizens decreased remarkably from 1957 to 2017, with the Gini coefficient dropping by nearly 30 per cent. The process was very rapid until the mid-1980s. It then slowed gradually, to the point that inequality started rising at the beginning of the 2000s. The estimates of European income distribution and the inequality measures we compute are based on the method proposed by Sala-i-Martin (2006). This methodology overcomes the problem of the limited availability of long-term survey data on income by using income shares from the World Income Inequality Database.
Income shares
Cohesion (chemistry)
Social Inequality
Cite
Citations (3)
Using taxation statistics, we estimate the income share held by top income groups in New Zealand over the period 1921–2005. We find that the income share of the richest fell during the 1930s, rose again after the Second World War, and steadily declined from the late‐1950s until the mid‐1980s. From the mid‐1980s until the mid‐1990s, top income shares rose rapidly, particularly at the very top of the distribution. We present evidence that top marginal tax rates and changing top income shares in Australia and the United Kingdom may have contributed to fluctuations in the income share of the richest 1 percent. Past economic growth does not seem to have a strong effect on the income share of the top percentile group.
Income shares
Adjusted gross income
Fell
Cite
Citations (44)
Abstract This paper studies the sensitivity of long-run trends in top income shares to differences in top-share measures. While the standard measure fixes a share of the population, we define alternatives that allow variation in both incomes and size of the top group based on defining absolute income thresholds. In an application to United States data, we find that top income share trends over the past century vary somewhat depending on the measure used. Allowing top groups to increase in size after 1980 along with overall economic growth results in a larger increase of top income shares. The historical drops before WWII are sensitive to the choice of income deflator: using GDP inflates interwar top income shares but using CPI deflates them. Altogether, these results recommend using complementary approaches to defining top income groups when measuring long-term top income share trends.
Income shares
GDP deflator
Adjusted gross income
Comprehensive income
Cite
Citations (13)
In recent years numerous studies published top income shares as way to assess the degree of income inequality. Top income shares measure how much percent of total income is captured by a certain top income group. Based on the assumption that high incomes follow a Pareto distribution, estimates from the World Inequality Database show that globally, the top 1% receive about 20% of world income. This number clearly suggests that income and power concentration is a serious issue. But what do top income related inequality measures really tell in terms of inequality and distribution of resources? The analysis of top incomes only takes incomes above a certain minimum threshold into consideration and leaves out income information below. This one-sided view on the income distribution gives reasons why related inequality measures may only pose a weak proxy for overall income inequality. In fact, as well-known researchers highlighted, a thorough analysis of inequality requires consideration of the complete income distribution. In that fashion, thispaper takes a critical view on top incomes as means of measuring inequality.
Income shares
Proxy (statistics)
Household income
Adjusted gross income
Cite
Citations (0)