Automotive displays and controls : existing technology and future trends
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This report presents overview information on high-technology displays and controls that are having a substantial effect on the driving environment. Advances in electronics and computers, in addition to cost advantages, increase the technologies' impact. The status of these displays and controls, and the concerns that may be raised in relation to safety and the driving task, are discussed. Several industry brochures and articles are reprinted as appendices, and a detailed reference list for further study is supplied.Keywords:
Automotive electronics
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The authors survey a decade of computer control applications in the automotive industry, which has been characterized by a dramatic increase in the use of electronics and associated devices. The most matured and widespread applications have been functional in nature and involved the computer control of power trains. For this reason the authors focus on power train controls, which are illustrated through a few representative examples including idle speed, electronics transmission, and traction anti-wheelspin control. In particular, the idle speed control development is used to evaluate different modern and classical control techniques. To this end, the complementary attributes of each method are outlined along with their main advantages and possible shortcomings. Furthermore, the authors discuss how these characteristics would apply to the other power train and overall vehicle control system problems. The authors conclude with a discussion of possible future automotive system structures and the role of control theory in their development.< >
Automotive electronics
Idle
Powertrain
Power Electronics
Traction control system
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Some of the unique requirements of automotive power electronics applications are reviewed, and the technology approaches that can be applied to the requirements are shown. Tradeoffs in terms of technology selection, MOS versus bipolar, and structure are discussed. IC design examples are presented to illustrate the tradeoff selections for applications like high side drivers, ignition, and low side drivers. The automotive environment, loads, and some possible configurations are also discussed.< >
Automotive electronics
Powertrain
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Since the late 1970's the microcomputer has been introduced and rapidly expanded to various kinds of vehicle electronics applications. This technology has been utilized to provide automobiles which not only have higher performance but also run more smoothly and cleanly. Microcomputer technology has also entered vehicle entertainment systems such as TV, mobile phone, VCR, and many other applications. Vehicle electronic packaging problems have developed as a result of this rapid expansion in vehicle microcomputer usage. Such problems include; size limitations, wire harness weight, wire harness complexity, connector size, electronic module packaging, and numerous other problems. This paper provides historical packaging technology issues including system integration, hybrid IC module technology, and CAE reliability analysis for extreme conditions.
Electronic Packaging
Automotive electronics
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Automotive electronics
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This paper studies the prevention of premature failures of LED backlights used in mobile devices that are subject to different use conditions. This is a vitally important topic for consumer mobile device manufacturers as the life expectancy of two identical devices from the same production line may vary substantially under different operating environments and use conditions. These differences are not addressed by traditional reliability assessment methods documented in many electronics handbooks. The paper outlines the use of a prognostics approach and condition-based monitoring for optimizing the reliability in the LED backlight display unit of mobile devices.
Backlight
Prognostics
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Semiconductor memory has served as a driving force behind integrated circuit chip technology over the past three decades at the same time as it has revolutionized the computer, consumer electronics, and industrial electronics industries. Recent developments in low cost reprogrammable memory technologies have added new dimensions of flexibility, serviceability, customization, and intelligence to electronic subsystems. These features are of particular value to automobiles of the future. Uses of UV-erasable EPROM's, electrically erasable EEPROM's, and related Flash erasable EEPROM's are already beginning to revolutionize powertrain and embedded controller applications, and it is anticipated that they will rapidly pervade additional safety, driver information, and comfort applications in the coming decade. Reprogrammable memory is also expected to enable the Intelligent automobile of the future, capable of self diagnosis, repair, and navigation, as well as revolutionizing the driver vehicle interface.
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The author discusses the future of power electronics. Some important current products are mentioned first. Important societal needs which are believed to have the greatest impact on future power electronic products are discussed. Finally, the author provides predictions regarding the most important products at the end of this century, and some comments on the technology anticipated 25 years from now.< >
Power Electronics
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The prospects of automotive electronics in relation to the global electronics market will be discussed. Technical requirements and preferred production technologies will be outlined. The salient requirements of suitable sensors and their effect upon circuitry to meet the critical demands of performance and economics will be assessed and illustrated by current developments. Future advancements will also be surveyed.
Automotive electronics
Power Electronics
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This paper presents an analysis of the role of power electronics in future automotive systems. Areas of discussion include: the voltage affect on semiconductors; packaging and higher voltages; power device roadmaps; and, dual voltage applications.
Power Electronics
Automotive electronics
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Application of a total systems approach to power plant man-machine systems design can improve efficiency and reduce human error. This can be accomplished through using advanced electronic display-control system concepts. Discussed are advanced concepts and techniques that can be used to enhance visual access and interpretation for systems status, to improve control access and operation and thus to enhance communication effectiveness.
Control room
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