Relevance ofin VitroLeukaemia Cell Survival to Short- and Long Term Clinical Outcome in AML
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AbstractIn ninety-three cases of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) we investigated the importance to short- and long term clinical outcome of the in vitro short term leukaemia cell survival as measured by a 4-day MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)-assay. In 67 patients treated by intravenous remission induction therapy we found that patients who after the first induction cycle or after induction therapy overall achieved a complete remission (CR) had leukaemia cells with significantly lower in vitro cell survival ability than cells of non-responders (p=0.02 and 0.06, respectively). These relations remained statistically significant in subsequent multivariate analyses. Likewise, a favourable effect of low in vitro leukaemia cell survival on overall survival of the patients was detected in the (largest) subgroup of adult patients treated uniformly by the same remission induction regimen as well as in all patients. However, in the 44 patients, who achieved CR, the in vitro leukaemia cell survival did not show significance to remission duration or time to first relapse. Furthermore, the leukaemia cell survival (MTT-assay) did not to correlate with the Bcl-2 expression level (quantitative flow cytometry) of the leukaemia cells (r=0.18, n=34, p=0.32). In addition, in a cell line model employing the growth factor dependent MO7 human AML cell line, growth factor withdrawal was associated with rapid onset of cellular apoptosis as evaluated by morphology, occurrence of a subGl peak in DNA histograms, and loss of cellular activity in the MTT-assay. In contrast, a more moderate decline in Bcl-2 expression and gradual loss of ability to exclude the trypan blue dye was seen in the leukaemia cells in response to growth factor withdrawal. We conclude, that the MTT-assay provides a simple and sensitive method for measuring in vitro cell survival. The differences in leukaemia cell survival seen in AML may well be clinically relevant and may help to provide a better understanding of clinical drug resistance.Key Words: MTT-assayleukaemia cell survivalapoptosisprognosisKeywords:
Myeloid leukaemia
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Summary We report a case of cutaneous alternariosis in a 69‐year‐old male patient. During hospitalization for treatment of the skin disorder, acute myeloid leukaemia was diagnosed. He received multiple chemotherapeutic agents but the leukaemia remained refractory to therapy and the patient died. The clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous alternariosis will be discussed and a review of the literature regarding patients with haematological diseases will be given.
Myeloid leukaemia
Refractory (planetary science)
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Objective to study the effect of SudanⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ on the growth of SGC-7901.The change of DNA content is determined with Flow Cytometry,and the cell cycle is analyzed.Results show that the average content of DNA decreases in G_1 phase and increases in S and G_2 phase.The index of PI and SPF increase.It is indicated that SudanⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ accelerate the cell cycle from G_1 phase to S and G_2 phase.It is also shown that the effects on SGC-7901 by Sudan Ⅲ in the dose of 50 μg·mL~(-1) and by SudanⅠ,Ⅳ in the dose of 10μg·mL~(-1) is very effective(P0.01).It is concluded that SudanⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ affect SGC-7901 cell cycle to advance its differentiation and proliferation.
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Proliferation index
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Flow cytometry를 이용하여 개 정자의 생존율 평가를 수행하고자 2-4세의 수캐 5두가 이용되었고, 분석을 위해 PI염색을 실시하였다. Flow cytometry를 이용한 개 신선 정액의 생존율 평가는 생존 정자와 죽은 정자의 비율을 1:0, 1:1, 1:3으로 조성하여 이를 flow cytometry로 평가하고 광학현미경검사, CFDA/PI 염색검사, HOS test에 의한 생존율과 비교하여 flow cytometry와의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 또한 개 정액을 동결하여 응해 후의 개 정자의 생존율 평가에도 동일한 방법으로 상관관계를 조사하였다. 신선 정액에서 생존 정자와 죽은 정자의 비율이 1:0, 1:1, 1:3 모든 경우에서 flow cytometry를 이용한 생존율은 HOS test에 의한 생존율과 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다 (p<0.01). 신선 정액에서 생존 정자와 죽은 정자의 비율이 1:0과 1:3일 때 광학현미경적 검사에 의한 생존율은 flow cytometry 분석에 의한 생존율과 유의 적인 상관관계를 나타내었으나 (p<0.05), 1:1 비율의 경우 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 신선 정액에 생존 정자와 죽은 정자의 비율이 1:0과 1:1일 때 CFDA/PI 염색 검사에 의한 생존율은 flow cytometry분석에 의한 생존율과 높은 상관관계를 보였으며(p<0.01), 1:3 비율에서는 유의적인 상관관계를 보였다 (p<0.05). 동결 및 응해 후의 개 정자의 생존율 평가에서 HOS test 결과는 flow cytometry분석에 의한 생존율과 높은 상관관계를 보였으며 (p<0.01), 광학현미경적 검사를 통한 생존율은 유의적인 상관관계를 보였으나 (p<0.05), CFDA/PI 염색 검사결과는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과 flow cytometry는 신선정액 및 동결ㆍ융해 후 개 정자에 대한 생존율 검사에 정확한 평가 방법 인 것으로 판단되었다.
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Acute myeloid leukaemia accounts for 15-20% of paediatric leukae-mia. This chapter describes the epidemiology, clinical features, inves-tigation, diagnosis and classification of acute myeloid leukaemia in children. Treatment with intensive chemotherapy and (in some chil-dren) haemopoietic stem cell transplantation, treatment complications and prognosis are described. Acute promyelocytic leukaemia in chil-dren and Down syndrome-acute myeloid leukaemia are also discussed briefly.
Myeloid leukaemia
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One of the most common uses of flow cytometry is to analyze the cell cycle of mammalian cells. Flow cytometry can measure the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content of individual cells at a rate of several thousand cells per second and thus conveniently reveals the distribution of cells through the cell cycle. The DNA-content distribution of a typical exponentially growing cell population is composed of two peaks (cells in G1/G0 and G2/M phases) and a valley of cells in S phase (see Fig. 1). G2/M-phase cells have twice the amount of DNA as G1/G0-phase cells, and S-phase cells contain varying amounts of DNA between that found in G1 and G2 cells. Most flow-cytometric methods of cell cycle analysis cannot distinguish between G1 and G0 cells or G2 and M cells, so they are grouped together as G1/G0 and G2/M. However, there are flow-cytometric methods that can distinguish four or even all five cell cycle subpopulations: G0, G1, S, G2, and M (1–3). Furthermore, each subpopulation can be quantified (4). Obviously, flow cytometry with these unique features is irreplaceable for monitoring the cell cycle status and its regulation.
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Abstract In this unit, two protocols are described for analyzing cell cycle status using flow cytometry. The first is based on the simultaneous analysis of proliferation‐specific marker (Ki‐67) and cellular DNA content, which discriminate resting/quiescent cell populations (G0 cell) and quantify cell cycle distribution (G1, S, or G2/M), respectively. The second is based on differential staining of DNA and RNA through co‐staining of Hoechst 33342 and Pyronin Y, which is also useful to identify G0 cells from G1 cells. Along with these methods for analyzing cell cycle status, two additional methods for cell proliferation assays with recent updates of newly developed fluorophores, which allow multiplex analysis of cell cycle status, cell proliferation, and a gene of interest using flow cytometry, are outlined. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Pharmaceutical strategic business consultancy involved in partnering, licensing, acquisitions, divestments and new business start-ups. We assist in due diligence and write expert reports for investors. We are experts in business intelligence and markets
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Objective To evaluate the curative effects of EP (oral Vp 16 capsule+DDP)regimen and CAP(CTX+ADM+DDP)regimen on non small cell lung Cancer of older patient.Methods 60 cases of advanced non small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups.Each group has 30 cases.Results Response rates of EP regimen and CAP regimen were 38 8% and 33 3% respectively.There was no statistical significant difference between them ( P 0 05).Gastrointestinal tract reaction and epilation reaction of CAP regimen were more serious than that of EP regimen( P 0 05).Mylos suppression had no statistical difference between two regimens.Conclusion Both EP regimen an CAP regimen can be used as first line regimens for treatment of non small cell lung cancer of older patient.The EP regimen is regarded as a better,convenient and tolerable regimen.
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