Microwave-assisted Synthesis and Processing of Biomaterials
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Using the preparation of nanometer calcium carbonate microstructure reactor pilot experiment,Ultra-fine calcium carbonate particles with average crystal between 25-55nm are produced by membrane dispersion precipitation technology.The influence of the different operating conditions on the particle size are investigated and the samples are analyzed by using XRD,TEM,specific surface area instrument(BET).The results show that the prepared nanometer calcium carbonate particles have good dispersibility under the optimum conditions,at the same time the utilization of CO2 up to 80%.
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The preparation of several crystalline forms of nanometer calcium carbonate and the technology and methods of surface modification are introduced in this paper.The problems occurred are analyzed.The prospect is put forward.
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The article gives an overview about the synthesis principles and synthesis technologies of nanometer calcium carbonate and introduces its surface character.Development of nanometer calcium carbonate industry was discussed.The nanometer calcium carbonate surface modification technologies were reviewed.The development trend in china was put forward.
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The preparations of nanometer calcium carbonate were described,mainly including replacement reaction,intermittent carbonization,continuous spray carbonization,high-gravitycarbonization,weenie latex and sol-gel method.The properties of nanometer calcium carbonate and its applications in the rubber,plastics,paint,ink,paper,medicine and other fields were summarized,and its development prospects were expected.
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The experiments of Ni-P electroless coating and Ni-P-SiO_2 (micrometer), Ni-P-SiO_2 (nanometer) electroless composite coating were done to study how SiO_2particles affect the coating rate and properties of the film. The results show that coating rate increased, hardness and wear of the film comparing to the film of Ni-P and micrometer particles composite coating are promoted notably when the nanometer particles SiO_2 were put into the solution.
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Titanate coupling agents KR-TTS is used to modify nanometer calcium carbonate and the modified powder is characterized. The modification mechanisms of nanometer calcium carbonate is also investigated in this paper. Experiment results show that the optimum conditions of dry modification method as follows: the dosage of KR-TTS titanate coupling agents is 2%, mass ratio of KR-TTS titanate coupling agents to liquid organic solvent is 1:1, modification temperature is 70°C, modification time is 20 minutes, stirring rate is 650rpm. Under the optimum conditions, activity index of modified nanometer calcium carbonate is 100%. The activity index Measurement indicates that modified nanometer calcium carbonate become hydrophobic instead of hydrophilic. IR analysis shows that chemical bonds are formed between titanate coupling agents and nanometer calcium carbonate particles.
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Nanometer scale powders calcium carbonate was prepared by a freeze-thawing method in Ca2-3 reaction system.The size and structure of calcium carbonate were analyzed by the means of TEM and XRD,the result showed that the nanometer scale powders calcium carbonate was calcite crystal group in structure and spherical in shape with the size of average particles ranging from 40 to 70 nanometer.Crystal Divided by Ice was put forward and the synthesis mechanisms of nanometer scale powders calcium carbonate were also discussed in details.The crystal diameter of SrCO3is about 20 to 60 nm and that of BaCO3is about 60 to 90 nm with the same method.Both of them belong to orthorhombic.The size distribution of the product made by freeze-thawing is more uniform than that of the product made by at room,and crystal diameter of the product is smaller than that of the product made by at room.
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The DSC/TG、XRD and SEM were used to characterize the thermo-reaction properties of nanometer aluminum powders and micro-aluminum under air.The different oxidation condition of these two kinds of powders was studied.The experimental results confirm the different thermo-reaction properties between nanometer aluminum powders and micrometer aluminum.Nanometer aluminum powders would not be oxidized under 550℃,and micrometer aluminum would not be oxidized markedly till 950℃.Nanometer aluminum powders could be obviously oxidized after sintered at 1050℃ for 30min in air and α-Al2O3 particles could be formed at the particle surface.The obtained α-Al2O3 powders has no obvious agglomeration,spherical shape and a mean particle of 100 nm.
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The preparation method of nanometer calcium carbonate and carbonization mechanism of carbonization preparation method were simply introduced.The new preparation technology of nanometer calcium carbonate was introduced in detail. It offered new pathways for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate with high performance.
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