Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measures Efficacy of Biological Computing Devices and Circuits
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Engineering biological cells to perform computations has a broad range of important potential applications, including precision medical therapies, biosynthesis process control, and environmental sensing. Implementing predictable and effective computation, however, has been extremely difficult to date, due to a combination of poor composability of available parts and of insufficient characterization of parts and their interactions with the complex environment in which they operate. In this paper, the author argues that this situation can be improved by quantitative signal-to-noise analysis of the relationship between computational abstractions and the variation and uncertainty endemic in biological organisms. This analysis takes the form of a ΔSNRdB function for each computational device, which can be computed from measurements of a device's input/output curve and expression noise. These functions can then be combined to predict how well a circuit will implement an intended computation, as well as evaluating the general suitability of biological devices for engineering computational circuits. Applying signal-to-noise analysis to current repressor libraries shows that no library is currently sufficient for general circuit engineering, but also indicates key targets to remedy this situation and vastly improve the range of computations that can be used effectively in the implementation of biological applications.Keywords:
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Composability
Composability is the capability to select and assemble simulation components in various combinations into valid simulation systems to satisfy the specific user requirements. Beyond syntactic composability, semantic composability ensures the validity of composed models. A formal theory of semantic composability enables the determination of the characteristics of model composition in a formal way, which forms the basis of a valid and meaningful composition. First, the formal definitions for model, simulation, composability and validity are proposed. Arguments that the definitions are appropriate for the purpose are provided. Second, the connection between formal reasoning and semantics is built.The MDA-based metamodeling method is studied, and the semantic meta-data for simulation models are identified.
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Composable Simulation has been one of the hot research issues in the community of joint modeling and simulation for complex system.In this paper,the requirements of composability are first drawn from the background of weapon System-of-Systems combat simulation,then the concepts of composabiltiy,interoperability and reusability are concluded as the common understanding of compoasbility research.The basic composability research issues are extracted from the analysis of composition process and the compostion mechanisms are characterized by the composition patterns.At the end of this paper,the concepts of degree of composability,component compatibility and substitutability are defined,and the composability conceptual framework is formed on the above concepts and relations.
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Simulation composability is more attractive in the development and integration of complex system simulations. The basic concepts of simulation composablity were introduced, followed by the analysis of the complexity and the levels of simulation composability. The current approaches to achieve different levels of simulation composability were introduced and compared according to the hierarchy of simulation composability, such as common model repository approach, interoperability protocol approach; composition validity-based semantic approach, DEVS based formal approach and MDA based approach. The multi-level composability and MDA based approach to multi-level composability were studied according to the survey of current research on simulation composability.
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We propose a composability model to ascertain that Web services can safely be combined, hence avoiding unexpected failures at runtime. Composability is checked through a set of rules organized into four levels, syntactic, static semantic, dynamic semantic, and qualitative levels. We introduce the concepts of composability degree and /spl tau/-composability to cater for partial and total composability. We also propose a set of algorithms for checking composability. Finally, we conduct a performance study (analytical and experimental) of the proposed algorithms.
Composability
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Composability is a sought after property. However, whereas there is usually an intuitive understanding of this concept, a clear definition has been frequently missing.
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Composability
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Web services composition's efficiency strongly depends on the composability paradigm. In this paper, we propose a composability model for Web services that defines a set of composability rules and captures all information needed to verify the interconnection of services. Our proposal essentially deals with functional, non-functional and technical aspects, at both syntactic and semantic levels. It's based on WSDL, SAWSDL and WS-Policy's descriptions.
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