Behavioral analysis of a single-switch step up converter
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This paper presents a detailed analysis of the behavior of a DC-DC boost-flyback converter which is a single-switch step up converter with a high voltage gain. The behavioral investigation of this converter is carried out supposing it consists of two converters, a boost and a flyback connected in series. The interesting characteristic of this boost-flyback converter is its modes of operation (continuous, discontinuous and mixed), which are depicted analytically. There are two different ways of operation: one in which the boost converter goes over first from the continuous conduction mode (CCM) to the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and another one in which the flyback goes over first from CCM to DCM. Each way of operation depends on the duty cycle δ and the ratio k L of both boost's and flyback's magnetic components' inductances. In this paper, all four different modes of operation are investigated and the output voltage characteristic curves are described as well. Finally, simulation and experimental results are compared to those from theory for different values of the duty cycle δ and the load to validate the theoretical analysis.Keywords:
Duty cycle
Flyback diode
Buck converter
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A closed form cycle by cycle analysis forms the basis for a new zero-voltage switching (ZVS) phase-shifted PWM (PSPWM) full bridge power converter small-signal model. The paper derives the small-signal response equations. The PSPWM converter has an implicit "slew interval," making the converter dynamics difficult to analyze using traditional averaging techniques. The converter control to output transfer function under continuous conduction mode operation and using voltage-mode control does not exhibit a second order pole associated with the output L-C filter, making it different from a conventional PWM converter. This new PSPWM converter model shows that the output L-C filter is separated into two real poles, with one pole held at constant frequency independent of operating conditions. A characteristic pole depends only upon the converter switching frequency and inductor values. This characteristic pole is fundamental to understanding the PSPWM converter natural and forced responses. The new small-signal model is shown to be in excellent agreement with experimental results.
SINADR
Buck converter
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Citations (69)
This paper presents the modeling of a boost converter operating in pseudo continuous current mode using hybrid automaton and proposes the voltage regulation problem as a hybrid control problem. The pseudo continuous current mode (PCCM) operation is treated as an intermediate stage between the continuous current mode (CCM) and discontinuous current mode (DCM) operation of a boost converter. From hybrid perspective, the control problem, the regulation of the output voltage, is framed as a guard selection problem and the guards are defined based on a simple circuit theoretical approach. A typical DC-DC boost converter is selected and the operation of the converter under the proposed control is demonstrated. It is observed that the control thus derived provides a good voltage regulation by operating the converter in a stable limit cycle for a given operating condition. The resulting switching operation has a variable frequency for different operating conditions. The simulation method, analysis and control design are explained and the results are presented.
Buck converter
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The paper presents the CCM (continuous conduction mode) operation of the dual channel resonant DC-DC step down (buck) converter. However, as a result of certain limitations, sometimes the converter cannot be operated in CCM at all. The paper presents the mathematical analysis of CCM operation, explores the basic relations between input, output and control variables for the more general asymmetric operation and gives simplified solutions for symmetric operation. To verify the theory, simulation results are also presented together with a comparison between some relevant numeric values from calculations and simulations. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of CCM operation are summarized.
Dual mode
Mode (computer interface)
Buck converter
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A power factor correction boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is analyzed. In principle, CCM-DCM mode is a special variable hysteresis control. It features the inductor current oscillated between a pure sinusoidal wave and zero. However, its design rules in engineering applications are similar to those of the constant on-time control. A theoretical approach is carried out to demonstrate that there exists a correspondence between the two different control modes, and conditions for using these simplified equations are presented. In actual implementation of the CCM-DCM mode, filter capacitors are necessary to obtain a clean sinusoidal current reference. On the other hand, the capacitor will bring a DC component in the reference signal, affecting the switching characteristics, rms currents, losses of the power components, and the power factor of the converter. A CCM-DCM mode with consideration of the DC component is analyzed, and the design equations with the new mode are presented. The analytical results for a 40 W boost converter, including the effects of the DC component and the selection considerations of the filter capacitor, are discussed.< >
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Component (thermodynamics)
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A modeling methodology applied to PWM DC-DC converters is presented in this paper. Parasitic resistors have been considered in inductor and power supply. A generalised equivalent circuit based on averaged variables is obtained for the basic structures of DC-DC converters. This circuit and the associated model are valid for continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode. This contribution contains expressions to detect changes of the converter operation mode and to estimate the value of the diode duty cycle operating under discontinuous conduction mode. A sliding mode controller for the regulation of the output voltage has been designed in terms of averaged state variables and converter parameters. The procedure is applied to a 100W Buck converter prototype. Simulations and experimental results are presented.
Duty cycle
Buck converter
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Citations (2)
In this converter, the problem of interference between buck and boost switches operations are solved by determining four operation modes. The average modeling method is used to obtain a model for the low frequency behavior of the converter. Stability analysis is performed by the root-locus method, which reveals that the current loop causes that the converter acts as single pole system due to the great distance between two poles'. The model also applied for control design. The experimental results on an 110V, 40KW converter show the ability of the proposed control method. The line and load regulation in different situation is below than 0.9%.
Root locus
Buck converter
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Citations (1)
This paper present a study about a power supply, study which can be applied to another supply circuits. This study can be useful also in the learning process. I start the study from modulation of mathematical equations for Flyback Converter. I demonstrate the difference between Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) true the Matlab graphics. I made analytic numerical calculations to determine the dependencies between power factor and voltage transfer ratio. I made also a Pspice simulation to demonstrate the input filter importance in diminution of harmonics from input current.
Spice
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This paper deepens in the study of the recently described coupled-inductor buck-boost converter. The output voltage of this dc-dc converter can be regulated above and/or below its input voltage with high efficiency and wide bandwidth. The control of the input and/or output nonpulsating converter currents is addressed in this paper. The small-signal control-to-input/output-current transfer functions in open-loop permits the design of the respective average current-mode controllers. The combination of the input- and output-current controllers with an additional output voltage limiter loop is proposed as a method to regulate one of the currents while limiting the maximum values of the other two variables. The theoretical analyses have been validated by means of simulations and also experimentally on a 48-V 800-W purpose built-prototype. In particular, the frequency response measurements that have been carried out for a representative set of the converter operating points are in good agreement with the simulations.
Buck converter
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Citations (94)
This paper introduces a novel unified average model for all single switch DC-DC converters, including buck, boost, buck-boost, forward and flyback converters. Because of its average feature, it can increase the simulation speed significantly. Commonly, it can increase the speed up to two to three orders. The model can also be operated in voltage, peak current and average current control mode easily. In each of the control mode, the model can switch between the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and the continuous conduction mode (CCM) smoothly. On the basis of this model, users can also simulate Cuk circuit by simply connecting two model blocks.
Mode (computer interface)
Buck converter
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Citations (11)
In this paper, a new class-E DC-to-DC converter with half-wave controlled current rectifier is proposed. This is a high order multiple resonant converter whose circuit modes of operation have different resonant frequencies. The basic converter operation, detailed steady state analysis, steady state control characteristics and the peak values of inductance current and capacitance voltage are given. Based on the derived control characteristic curves, a design example along with a design procedure is demonstrated. The results are verified by PSPICE simulation. It is shown that this topology retains all the advantages of the conventional class-E converter and still provides zero-voltage-switching and results in low component stress values.
Rectifier (neural networks)
RLC circuit
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