Chapter 7 Immunoassays for environmental analysis
Anna OubiñaBerta BallesterosPilar Bou CarrascoRoger GalvéJordi GascónFrancisco IglesiasNuria SanvicensM.‐Pilar Marco
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Immunochemical methods are powerful analytical techniques that can answer many questions concerning environmental contamination. This chapter provides an overview of the potential of immunoassays (IAs) as environmental analytical methods, describes the types and components of IAs, steps involved in their development and the criteria used for their development, and discusses various aspects related to the validation of immunochemical techniques. IA has proven to be a very useful technique for the screening of contaminating substances in environmental samples. The strength of this technique lies in the possibility to screen a large number of samples within a short time at low costs. Most of the IA tests are designed to be sensitive enough to assay water samples directly without concentration or clean-up steps. Both the availability of commercial IA test kits and the fact some IAs have already been included in the list of SW-846 methods of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) indicate that this technology is finding its place in the environmental area as an effective screening method to complement other analytical techniques. Future developments on immunosensor systems are a great promise for the future automation of these environmental immunodetection strategies.Keywords:
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