Physical activity and the association with asthma and wheeze in the respiratory health in northern Europe (rhine) study
Melissa RussellChrister JansonFrancisco Gómez RealAne JohannessenMarie WaatevikBerglind Eva BenediktsdóttirMathias HolmEva LindbergSchlünssenWasif RazaCecilie SvanesShyamali C. Dharmage
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Physical activity and the association with asthma and wheeze in the respiratory health in northern Europe (rhine) studyKeywords:
Wheeze
Association (psychology)
Respiratory sounds
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The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of asthma and some respiratory symptoms and diseases in schoolchildren from rural regions of Poland in 2001 and to compare these data with previous estimations in 1995. Repeated cross-sectional epidemiological studies were performed among 594 primary schoolchildren in 1995 and 541 in 2001 using the same standardized questionnaire. Lifetime prevalence of "doctor's-diagnosed asthma" increased significantly from 3.4 % in 1995 to 9.6 % in 2001. This trend may be due to the real increase in the prevalence of asthma and also may be a result of better physician's diagnosis and/or better parents' health education. A substantial increase of asthma-related symptoms (post-exercise breathlessness, wheezing and dyspnoea) was also observed between these years (8.3-17.7 %, 6.2-13.2 % and 7.6-13.3 %, respectively). These results suggest that asthma in Polish schoolchildren is still underdiagnosed.
Cross-sectional study
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BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have pointed out a great variability in the prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms in different geo-climatic areas. AIM: To test the association between latitude and prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italian young adults. METHODS: In the frame of Gene-Environment Interaction in Respiratory Diseases study, a postal screening questionnaire on respiratory health and exposure to environmental factors was administered to 18,357 randomly selected subjects aged 20-44 years in 7 centres: 3 in Northern (Torino, Pavia, Verona), 2 in Central (Ancona, Perugia) and 2 in Southern Italy (Salerno, Sassari). RESULTS: 10,494 (57.2%) subjects responded to the questionnaire. The prevalence of self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis in the lifespan was 10.2% and 26.9%, respectively, and was significantly different across the centres (p CONCLUSION: The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis increased moving southwards in Italy, suggesting that prolonged exposure to different geo-climatic conditions may affect the onset of asthma and allergic respiratory diseases.
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Public concern about respiratory conditions prompted the investigation of asthma and other respiratory diseases in children living near and away from opencast coal mining sites.We selected all 4860 children aged 1--11 years from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to (OC) and away from (CC) active opencast sites. A postal questionnaire collected data on health and lifestyle. Outcomes were the cumulative and period prevalence (2 and 12 months) of wheeze, asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory symptoms.The cumulative prevalence of wheeze varied from 30% to 40% across the ten communities, it was 36% in OC and 37% in CC. The cumulative prevalence of asthma was 22% in both OC and CC, varying between 12% and 24%. We found little evidence for associations between living near an opencast site and an increased prevalence of respiratory illnesses, or asthma severity. Some outcomes such as allergies, hayfever, or cough varied little across the study communities. Others, such as the use of asthma medication, the number of severe wheezing attacks in the past year or tonsillitis showed large variation. These similarities and variations were not explained by differences in lifestyle factors or differences in health services delivery and remain unexplained.There was little evidence of an association between residential proximity to opencast mining sites and cumulative or period prevalence of respiratory illness, or asthma severity. Some variations in health outcomes between communities remained unexplained.
Wheeze
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To estimate the prevalence of respiratory disorders in children, and to investigate the roles of potential environmental risk factors, including exposure to outdoor air pollution, a large multicenter, population based survey (SIDRIA) was conducted in Italy in 1994–1995. The study enrolled more than 40,000 children. Results allowed international comparisons of the prevalences of asthma and allergies in childhood in the framework of the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) study, and supplied further evidence of the adverse respiratory effects of many environmental factors. The methods and main findings of the SIDRIA study are presented, focusing on the role of outdoor risk factors.
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Wheeze
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The presented cross-sectional study, comprised a group of 1,130 children from 13-15 years of age living in Upper Silesia, Poland, was undertaken to ascertain the role of environmental factors in the development of adverse respiratory health outcomes. To estimate the prevalence of these effects, the ISAAC questionnaire supplemented by questions related to risk factors was used. Bronchial asthma was identified in 4.5% of the children, asthma diagnosed by physicians in 8.7%, and prevalence of wheezing in the previous 12 months in 12.6%. The highest probability of wheezing was found in children with maternal genetic propensity (such as asthma, allergy), exposed to maternal smoking, or was connected with household risk factors such as the presence of dampness/mould or living in 50-year-old building. Female gender and attendance at nursery school were shown to be protective factors against wheezing. The probability of asthma was nearly twice as high in children residing in damp/mouldy dwellings, heated by coal-fired furnaces and living in the immediate vicinity of a road with heavy traffic. This study revealed that exposure to indoor (tobacco smoke, coal stove emission, mould or dampness in dwelling) and outdoor (traffic pollution) air contaminants are major environmental factors responsible for adverse respiratory health effects in children.
Tobacco smoke
Passive smoking
Stove
Attendance
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Introduction: Declining participation in epidemiological studies has been increasing in recent decades and may lead to bias in estimates of study effects. Aim: To describe the characteristics of non-responders in a population survey of adults and investigate the impact of non-response on the prevalence of respiratory outcomes. Methods: The West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS) is a large-scale population study of randomly selected individuals aged 16-75 years. In its second survey 2016, 50.000 questionnaires were sent by mail, which included questions about obstructive airway diseases, respiratory symptoms, and risk factors. The response rate was 50%. A random sample of 700 non-responders were contacted by telephone. Model-based weighting of the data was performed to adjust the prevalence estimates for non-response. Results: Non-responders were more often men, young, and smokers. There was no difference in prevalence of asthma and most respiratory symptoms between responders and non-responders. However, non-responders had increased risk of attacks of shortness of breath (OR = 1.58 (1.16-2.15)) and decreased risk of physician diagnosed chronic bronchitis, COPD or emphysema (OR = 0.10 (0.01-0.69)), longstanding cough (OR = 0.66 (0.44-0.97)) and sputum production (OR = 0.46 (0.30-0.70)) than responders. When weighted for post-stratification non-response, the prevalence estimates were similar for the weighted and unweighted data. Conclusion: The prevalence estimates of respiratory outcomes obtained from WSAS in 2016 did not differ between survey responders and non-responders, although chronic bronchitis was overestimated. Young adults, males, and smokers were less likely to respond to the survey.
Chronic bronchitis
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