The effect of seed anisotropy on brachytherapy dose distributions using 125I and 103Pd
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We have evaluated the effect of the anisotropy of individual seeds on dose distributions for permanent prostate implants using and The dose distributions were calculated for various implants using both the line source and point source calculational formalisms, for two different models of and seeds. The dose distributions were compared using cumulative dose volume histograms (DVH) and cumulative difference dose volume histograms (ΔDVH) for the prostate target volume and for the rectum surface. The DVHs could not distinguish between the dose distributions from isotropic and non-isotropic seeds. However, the ΔDVHs were useful in determining the fraction of the target volume for which the difference between the dose distribution for line sources and for point sources exceeded a threshold value. The dose distributions were calculated (1) for all the seeds oriented co-linearly, along either the x-, y-, or z-axis, and (2) for the seeds at randomized orientations, more closely resembling the clinical situation. For all cases, there was a significant difference in the effect of seed anisotropy from the different seed types. For the geometrically simpler test cases with a small number of seeds, the effect of anisotropy on the dose distribution was too large to ignore for any of the seed types investigated. For the idealized pre-plan case, the effect was much smaller. For clinical prostate implants, the calculations done with seeds oriented co-linearly along the z-axis (needle implant axis) were a reasonable approximation for those from simulations of seeds with randomized orientations. Again, the effect of anisotropy varied drastically between different seed models, and also between different clinical cases. However, the effect of anisotropy must be considered in the context of all the other uncertainties in clinical brachytherapy treatments.Keywords:
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Chapter 7 discusses the use of brachytherapy for prostate cancer, and covers both permanent low dose rate (LDR) and temporary high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy, which both use a similar template-based transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal technique and therefore represent similar technical challenges.
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Objective To assess the brachytherapy effectiveness and the utilization of 103 Pd seeds in tumor therapy. Methods 31 103 Pd seed brachytherapy patients were studied in RTOG/EORTC acute and late radiation morbidity scoring criteria. Results The brachytherapy effect of 103 Pd seeds in tumor patients is obvious.28 of 31 patients showed 0 score in acute criteria. 2 of 31 patients died without the brachytherapy reason. The late scoring is still needed. Conclusions The 103 Pd seeds can be safely used in brachytherapy of tumors which are low or midiam sensitive to radiotherapy.
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ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Skowronek J. Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy. 2010;2(3):107-113. doi:10.5114/jcb.2010.16921. APA Skowronek, J. (2010). Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, 2(3), 107-113. https://doi.org/10.5114/jcb.2010.16921 Chicago Skowronek, Janusz. 2010. "Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?". Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy 2 (3): 107-113. doi:10.5114/jcb.2010.16921. Harvard Skowronek, J. (2010). Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, 2(3), pp.107-113. https://doi.org/10.5114/jcb.2010.16921 MLA Skowronek, Janusz. "Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?." Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, vol. 2, no. 3, 2010, pp. 107-113. doi:10.5114/jcb.2010.16921. Vancouver Skowronek J. Review articles Pulsed dose rate brachytherapy – is it the right way?. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy. 2010;2(3):107-113. doi:10.5114/jcb.2010.16921.
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The biological rationale for the use of brachytherapy, which is undergoing a significant resurgence in the United States, is reviewed with emphasis on low dose rate (LDR brachytherapy). Some of the newer alternatives that have recently been developed, such as pulsed dose rate (PDR) brachytherapy, are discussed. J. Surg. Oncol. 1997;65:66-70. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Pulsed dose rate (PDR) brachytherapy is a treatment modality that combines physical advantages of high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy with the radiobiological advantages of low dose rate brachytherapy. The aim of this review was to describe the effective clinical use of PDR brachytherapy worldwide in different tumour locations. We found 66 articles reporting on clinical PDR brachytherapy including the treatment procedure and outcome. Moreover, PDR brachytherapy has been applied in almost all tumour sites for which brachytherapy is indicated and with good local control and low toxicity. The main advantage of PDR is, because of the small pulse sizes used, the ability to spare normal tissue. In certain cases, HDR resembles PDR brachytherapy by the use of multifractionated low-fraction dose.
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Abstract Brachytherapy is a form of radiotherapy whereby a radioactive source is used inside or at short distance from the tumor. There are three different forms of brachytherapy: interstitial, intracavitary, and skin therapy. In interstitial brachytherapy, the radioactive sources are implanted inside and throughout the tumor volume; in intracavitary brachytherapy the sources are placed in the body cavities very close to the tumor; while in skin therapy the sources are placed on the skin surface. Conventionally, brachytherapy implants have delivered the radiation at a low dose rate (dose rates of <1 Gy/h). Low dose‐rate (LDR) interstitial implants can be temporary (meaning that the radioactive sources are left in place for a period of time, usually a few days, and then removed) or permanent (left in place without removal), while intracavitary implants are temporary. The advent of methods to deliver the dose at a much higher dose rates, in the range of 1–5 Gy/min, brought an increase in the use of brachytherapy. All high dose‐rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatments are temporary and treatments are administered using discrete fractions.
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