Rainfall trend and its implications for water resource management within the Yarra River catchment, Australia
62
Citation
39
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Abstract Rainfall is the key climatic variable that governs the regional hydrologic cycle and availability of water resources. Recent studies have analysed the changes in rainfall patterns at global as well as regional scales in Australia. Recent studies have also suggested that any analysis of hydroclimatic variables should be performed at the local scale rather than at a large or global scale because the trends and their effects may be different from one location to the other. Because no studies were found specific to the Yarra River catchment, which is an important catchment in Victoria, Australia, this study performs a spatiotemporal trend analysis on long‐term rainfall records at 15 measuring stations within the catchment. The Mann–Kendall test was used to detect trends, and Sen's slope estimator was used to calculate the slopes in both monthly and annual rainfall. Moreover, a cumulative summation technique was used to identify the trend beginning year, and prewhitening criteria were tested to check for autocorrelation in the data. The results showed that the monthly rainfall has generally decreasing trends except in January and June. Significant decreasing rainfall trends were observed in May (among the autumn months of March, April and May) at most stations and also in some other months at several stations. A decreasing trend was also observed in the annual rainfall at all stations. This study indicates that there has been a consistent reduction in rainfall over the catchment, both spatially and temporally over the past 50 years, which will have important implications for the future management of water resources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Keywords:
Trend analysis
In this paper,the volumes and utilization actuality of available water resources in three main stream systems of the continental drainage basins in the Hexi Corridor are systematically analyzed and estimated by calculating the ecological water demands in the middle and lower reaches based on the state technical specifications for estimating available water resources.The results show that the exploitation and utilization of water resources in the Hexi Corridor are much higher than the volumes of available water resources,especially in the Shiyang River Basin,Heihe River Basin and Shule River Basin,where the volumes of available water resources are 1.519×109 m3,2.140×109 m3 and 1.005×109 m3,but the degrees of exploitation and utilization of water resources in these three drainage basins in 2000 were as high as 149.1%,93.8% and 72.1%,respectively,and they were much higher than the international upper limit of 60%.Thus,many social and ecological crises occur in these drainage basins.Therefore,it is very important to guide the rational redistribution,exploitation and utilization of water resources and achieve scientific management of the drainage basins based on the volumes of available water resources.
Interbasin transfer
Cite
Citations (0)
The study area Tapi River catchment covers 63,922.91 Sq.Km comprising of 5 five Sub-catchments: Purna river catchment (18,473.6 sq.km) Upper Tapi catchment (10,530.3 sq. km), Middle Tapi catchment (4,997.3 sq km), Girna river catchment (10,176.9 sq.km) and lower Tapi catchment (19,282.5 sq.km.). The drainage network of 5 Sub-catchments was delineated using remote sensing data. The morphometric analysis of 5 Sub-catchments has been carried out using GIS softwares – ArcMap. The drainage network showed that the terrain exhibits dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage pattern. Stream orders ranged from sixth to seventh order. Drainage density varied between 0.39 and 0.43km/ km2and had very coarse to coarse drainage texture. The relief ratio ranged from 0.003 to 0.007. The mean bifurcation ratio varied from 4.24 to 6.10 and falls under normal basin category. The elongation ratio showed that all catchment elongated pattern. Thus, the remote sensing techniques proved to be a competent tool in morphometric analysis.
Drainage density
Drainage network
Catchment area
Cite
Citations (3)
The Water Poverty Index (WPI) is an integrated indicator used for quantitatively assessing the national/regional water scarcity, which takes natural, social, economic and environmental factors into account. In this paper the methodology of WPI is applied to evaluate the water resources status in the main river basins of China. The results show that relative degrees of water scarcity in these main river basins are in the order as: the Liaohe River Basin, the Haihe River Basin, the Huaihe River Basin, the Yellow River Basin, the Songhuajiang River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and the Pearl River Basin. The WPI pentagrams clearly indicate the causes of water scarcity in these basins. Not only can the WPI illustrate the basic situations of the water resources in these river basins, but also the harmony of the water management with the economic development and environmental protection. This paper also discusses the applicability and possible improvement of the WPI methodology. The WPI offers a simple and effective way for water resources assessment and provides a useful reference for water resources management.
Interbasin transfer
Cite
Citations (7)
Abstract This study evaluates the intraseasonal variation of winter precipitation over the western United States in 14 coupled general circulation models (GCMs) participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). Eight years of each model’s twentieth-century climate simulation are analyzed. The focus is on the two dominant intraseasonal modes for the western U.S. precipitation: the 40-day mode and the 22-day mode. The results show that the models tend to overestimate the northern winter (November–April) seasonal mean precipitation over the western United States and Canada. The models also tend to produce overly strong intraseasonal variability in western U.S. wintertime precipitation, in spite of the overly weak tropical intraseasonal variability in most of the models. All models capture both the 40-day mode and the 22-day mode, usually with overly large variances. For the 40-day mode, models tend to reproduce its deep barotropic vertical structure and three-cell horizontal structure, but only 5 of the 14 models capture its northward propagation, and only 2 models simulate its teleconnection with the Madden–Julian oscillation in the tropical Pacific. For the 22-day mode, 8 of the 14 models reproduce its coherent northward propagation, and 9 models capture its teleconnection with precipitation in the tropical Pacific.
Teleconnection
Barotropic fluid
Mode (computer interface)
Cite
Citations (5)
This paper presents a methodology to assess catchment basin diffuse contribution to the pollution of Barra Bonita reservoir, located in the Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques were applied. First, the Tiete drainage basin limits were defined and divided into smaller basins by digitizing its limits onto a 1:250 000 topographic map directly in the screen. The drainage network was then digitized at the same scale and the drainage density calculated for each catchment basin. The distance from each catchment basin to the reservoir was measured and this information will be integrated to a land use map derived from 2002 ETM+/Landsat7 images and ground checking. Finally, the AHP 3 multi-criterion decision technique will be used to reach a more objective jugdgement of the role of each selected variable: drainage density, distance and land use classes. Map algebra will be applied to superpose the different features to determine the contribution of each catchment basin to the degradation of the Barra Bonita reservoir water quality. It is hypothesized that catchment basins presenting high drainage density, intensive land use and nearer to the reservoir will be the largest non-point sources of pollution.
Drainage density
Drainage network
Catchment area
Cite
Citations (2)
Hydrological response of a catchment is a function of rainfall as influenced by catchment characteristics comprising geomorphology, land cover, and management practices. In this study, the analysis mainly focused on how geomorphological characteristics influence the catchment hydrological response. Geomorphological analyses of catchment geometry, stream patterns, relief, and slope can be used to characterize the catchment features that affect the drainage network. These characteristics are catchment specific and therefore unique to provide an insight into its hydrologic response. The objective of this research was to quantitatively analyze geomorphologic characteristics; linear, areal, drainage pattern, and relief aspect, of Amala River catchment, using ArcGIS tools and infer its hydrological behavior. The morphometry of the catchment was derived from the DEM within the ArcMap environment. These parameters as well as mathematical map equations were used to derive geomorphological characteristics such as bifurcation ratio, rho coefficient, drainage density, infiltration number, form factor among others. The results show that the Amala River catchment is elongated with uniform lithology and a higher probability of delayed peak hydrographs due to longer lag time and time of concentration. The catchment exhibits a dendritic drainage pattern with an average bifurcation ratio of 4.26 which is closer to the upper bound value of 5. This indicates a reduction in peak flows and a delayed time to peak. The surface runoff yield efficiency was low and non-uniform with an average drainage density of 1.073 km/km2. The catchment was characterized by higher infiltration characteristics as compared to surface flows, this varied spatially, with sub-basins far North of the outlet having high infiltration than those near the outlet. The catchment relief was characterized as steep and therefore high stream velocity was inferred. The investigation and findings of this study on catchment geomorphology and inferred hydrologic behavior will be of great importance in catchment management, water resource planning within the catchment, and water harvesting at a spatial scale. Thus, the outcomes provide a baseline for informed water pan and water harvesting structures site.
Drainage density
Infiltration (HVAC)
Catchment hydrology
Catchment area
Cite
Citations (0)
Available water resources is the possible consumed water resources for outer riverway in a river basin from the point of view of water resources utilization.It has a practice significance to control the degree of water resources development and utilization,study water resources rational allocation and water resources carrying capacity.Start with setting the concept of available water resources,this paper puts forward the calculation matheds for available surface water resources and total available water resources,the total available water resources in China and in the first rank areas are estimated by using the methods,and the degree,the limit and the potential of the development and utilization of water resources in China are analyzed.
Degree (music)
Cite
Citations (8)
The paper describes three main results obtained in the second project of the Yellow River 973 Program,i.e.,National Development Program for Basic Key Science Research entitled Evolutionary Laws and Sustainable Maintaining Mechanism of Water Resources in the Yellow River Basin.The three main results are:(1) establishment of a dualistic evolutionary model of water resources;(2) multi-criterion and dynamic assessment of water resources in the Yellow River Basin;(3) evolutionary laws of water resources in the Yellow River Basin under the impact of human activities.The dualistic evolutionary model of water resources is established by coupling a distributed hydrological model for large basins(WEP-L) and a water allocation and regulation model(WARM).Concepts of special water resources and general water resources are proposed,and an approach for multi-criterion and dynamic assessment of water resources is suggested.The water resources assessment results under present underlying surfaces are compared with those under the historical underlying(land covers),and the water resources assessment results under no water use condition are compared with those under water use condition as well.By contrast,it is shown that the quantity and compositions of water resources changed distinctly under the impact of intensive human activities.The two main variations are as follows:(1) the surface water resources reduced but the groundwater resources which are non-overlapped with the surface water resources increased;(2) the special water resources reduced but the general water resources increased accompanied with increase of the effective evaporation,namely effective utilization of precipitation.
Cite
Citations (5)
River basins are basic hydrological units and considered as the best unit to work out water yields. Biophysical characteristics of a river basin play significant role in determining the water yield of a river basin. This study intends to investigate linkage between water yield and selected catchment parameters. The catchment yield of all major west flowing rivers of Kerala has been considered for this analysis. Drainage basins with smaller areas have been grouped with neighbouring basins to work out catchment efficiency. Methodology followed here consists of i) working out catchment yield index for each basin and ii) computation of biophysical parameters. Out of 28 basins as many as 12 river basins have catchment yield index of less than 1 indicating the characteristics of deficit river basins. It is found that besides, rainfall, the primary determinant of water yield, area under highland, forest coverage and catchment shape contributed to variations in water yield. Soil thickness and infiltration rate are other contributing parameters. It is suggested that this method can be used for inter basin comparison.
Catchment area
Cite
Citations (1)
Water resources are the basic natural resources,how to use water resources in an area is a complex problem.It is not simple to match the fact things according to the general calculation method.Regional available water resources are required to analysis and calculate according to the demand of the national water resources integration plan.The regional available water resources are the condition for saving water resources,dispose,exploitation,using etc.,and are the basis for analysis on the water resources bearing capacity.Based on summarizing the definition and the calculation method of the available water resources,the regional available water resources and effective available water resources considered water right and water quality is defined.And the calculated methods of available water resources and effective available water resources are discussed.Zhengzhou City of Henan Province,China,is taken as an example to analysis and calculates the available water resources and the effective available water resources,which combined with the fact of the City.The available water resources and the effective available water resources of the Zhengzhou City are assessment considering the water demand in river,the flood water uncontrolled in floodseason,the water quality and water right.The effective available water resources in Zhengzhou City include: surface water of meeting water quality,groundwater exploitation,foreign water,water transfering.The reasonable results are obtained.The results of available water resources and the effective available water resources are compared.The results show that local available water resources in status quo year is 72 237.89×104 m3,whose is seriously scarcity.The local available water resources is 115 237.89×104 m3 and 215 557.89×104 m3 in status quo year and in planning year,respectively,considering interbasin diversion and foreign water.It concluded that the water resources considering the foreign water and transfer water could meet the water demand of the society economic development.And the effective available water resources considering water quality and water rights in status quo year is 101 101.48×104 m3.The used water is 158 941×104 m3 in 2005.It is concluded that,under the condition of the present water resources,the water supply meeting the needs of society economic development are difficulty.Water scarcity is more seriously due to water pollution,controlling water pollution is still an important task in Zhengzhou City.Reasonableness of the definition and calculation method has been proved by the example of the Zhengzhou City.
Dispose pattern
Water use
Cite
Citations (2)