Exercise and Depression
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Introduction Healthy and at-risk populations Pathophysiology of CVD in individuals with depression Effects of exercise and depression on cardiovascular physiology Structured exercise for the prevention and treatment of depression in apparently healthy individuals Patients with cardiovascular disease Exercise therapy in cardiac patients with depression Exercise prescription for depression Salutary effects of exercise on depression Future directions Conclusion ReferencesKeywords:
Depression
Exercise prescription
We began to print the laboratory data of each patient on their in-hospital prescription in April, 2010 and further introduced a prescription checking system associated with laboratory data in December, 2014. This study evaluated the changed prescriptions based on prescription queries and the usefulness of using prescriptions with laboratory data as well as the prescription checking system. We examined the number of changed in-hospital prescriptions after the prescription queries in three periods: before and after using prescriptions with laboratory data (from June, 2009 to November, 2009 and from June, 2010 to November, 2010, respectively), and after the introduction of the prescription checking system (from September, 2016 to August, 2017). Although there were no changed prescriptions based on the laboratory data before using prescriptions with laboratory data, 6.6％ of changed prescriptions were based on laboratory data after using prescriptions with laboratory data. In addition, the changed prescription ratio based on laboratory data significantly increased after the introduction of the prescription checking system compared with that after using prescriptions with laboratory data (8.9％ versus 6.6％, P = 0.015). In conclusion, using prescriptions with laboratory data and the prescription checking system associated with laboratory data were useful for checking prescriptions effectively in order to avoid adverse drug reactions.
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Objective To advance prescription quality and standardize prescriptions by analyzing outpatient prescriptions,so as to accommodate the clinic treatment.Methods Judging and analyzing 300 random samples of outpatient prescriptions drew out in the second season in 2010,according to measures for the administration of prescriptions and measures for the administration of prescriptions in hospital.Results There are 144 illogical prescriptions(48.00 percent),114 nonstandard prescriptions(38.00 percent),13 inexact prescriptions(4.33 percent) and 17 excess prescriptions(5.67 percent) in the 300 random samples.Conclusion There is much matter in outpatient prescriptions,and eligible prescriptions are deficient.We shoud study measures for the administration of prescriptions more hard to advance prescription quality and standardize prescriptions,so as to accommodate the clinic treatment.
Outpatient clinic
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Objective To understand depression elderly cardiovascular disease,so that to intervention treatment.Methods The Hamilton depression scale,267 cases of cardiovascular disease for depression in diagnostic evaluation.Results Old cardiovascular disease incidence of depression by 32.8%.Conclusion Cardiovascular disease and depression are increasing age sex disease,serious threat to the health of the old man,need to pay and active intervention.
Depression
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Abstract Objectives This study evaluated prescribing in children under the age of five attending paediatric outpatient clinics at three Central hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria and determined the conditions mostly associated with inappropriate prescriptions and omissions. Methods This was a retrospective study of prescriptions made to children from 0 to 59 months who attended the clinics. Prescriptions were evaluated using the POPI tool, occurrence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions and prescribing omissions were reported as percentages and inappropriate prescription types and prescription omissions were also reported as frequencies. Relationship between inappropriate prescriptions, omissions of prescriptions and age group and gender were determined, P < 0.05 was considered significant. Key findings A total of 1327 prescriptions from the three centres were analyzed. There was a preponderance of infants (>1 month–12 months of age) in the study (43.0%) and a somewhat even gender distribution. Exactly 29.8% of all the prescriptions studied had at least one occurrence of inappropriate prescription. The use of H1 antagonists with sedative or atropine-like effects accounted for the majority of inappropriate prescriptions (49.5%), while the prescription of drinkable amoxicillin or other antibiotics in doses other than mg was the most frequent omission of prescription (97.2%). There was a significant relationship between the occurrence of inappropriate prescription and age group (P > 0.001). Conclusions Inappropriate prescriptions and omissions of prescriptions were high and effectively detected by the POPI tool.
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Objective To explore the effect of prescription evaluation system on rational drug use.Methods A total of 825 prescriptions written for medications in Shenzhen Bao'an District Fuyong People's Hospital between 2012-2013 were selected as the research subjects and were divided into two groups. The prescription evaluation system was used in intervention group,but not in non-intervention group. The basic prescription indexes and the proportion of irrational prescriptions were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with non-intervention group,the basic prescription indexes were significantly improved in intervention group( P 0. 05). In addition, the proportions of non-standard prescriptions,inappropriate medication prescriptions and unconventional prescriptions in intervention group were significantly lower than those in non-intervention group(P0.05). Conclusion Prescription evaluation system can significantly increase the proportion of rational prescriptions and reduce unreaso-nable prescription-induced adverse reactions and medical costs.Therefore,prescription evaluation system has an important clinical value.
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This essay systematically discussed the creation idea and application mode of ‘main disease-main prescription'on the basis of defining the connotation of ‘main disease-main prescription' ‘specific disease-specific prescription' and ‘prescriptions that can cure many diseases'.It also pointed out that ‘main disease-main prescription' is aimed at the main pathogenesis through the whole course of disease, and one prescription is used as the main prescription, modified according to the state of illness, syndrome and constitution of patients.It reflects the view of uniform of disease, constitution and syndrome. It differed from‘specific disease-specific prescription' and prescriptions that can cure many diseases. Its creation idea mainly includes discriminating pathogenesis, differentiating constitutions, transplantation, combination and creation. Its application mode includes main prescription-plus minus, jointed prescriptions-dissemble, constitution regulation prescription and sequential prescription. 2 cases were attached in the back part of the text for further demonstration.
Connotation
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Objective: To analyse Chinese medicine prescriptions of our hospital,to promote clinic prescription better.Methods: 1 825 Chinese medicine prescriptions of our hospital were analysed from January to December in 2010.Results: The failure prescriptions had a 21.2% share in the whole prescriptions,there were some ways in the prescriptions such as incomplete prescription,drug use and diagnostics discrepant,improper usage and dosage,incompatibility of drugs in a prescription,repeat medication and combination not appropriate.Conclusion: The author considers we should analyse prescription regularly in order to promote doctors and pharmacists' medicine knowledge and use Chinese medicine reasonable.
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Duplicate prescription pads are used in many family practice residency programs to monitor prescribing patterns and detect errors in the actual prescription-writing process. This study looked at whether the review of duplicate prescriptions could be enhanced by adding the patient's diagnosis to the prescription.The prescription-writing errors of Shaughnessy and Nickel were revised to include prescription-writing markers. These markers were defined as either an indication of use or a duration of therapy that differed from current medical literature or manufacturers' recommendations. Duplicate prescriptions of first-year family practice residents were reviewed for prescription-writing errors and markers before and after an in-service training regarding prescription writing.Following the in-service training, the number of prescriptions containing the patient's diagnosis increased significantly (20% to 61%). Nineteen percent of all prescriptions contained prescription-writing errors. Eight percent of the prescriptions with the patient's diagnosis contained prescription-writing markers.The addition of the patient's diagnosis to the prescription enhanced the review of duplicate prescriptions. It permitted the evaluation of not only the prescription-writing process but also the decision-making process that led to writing the prescription. It also permitted a more thorough evaluation of appropriate drug use.
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Abstract Background The aim of this systematic review was to identify principles of exercise interventions associated with improved physical function, weight management or musculoskeletal pain relief among young and middle-aged adults with obesity and propose an evidence-based exercise prescription that could assist in secondary prevention of osteoarthritis. Methods A structured electronic review was conducted using MEDLINE, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus. The search string included 1) “obes*” AND “exercise” AND “interven*” AND “musculoskeletal pain OR knee pain OR hip pain”. Studies 1) were randomized controlled trials of humans, with a non-exercise control, 2) included participants aged 18–50 years, and 3) had outcomes that included physical function, musculoskeletal pain, and/or body composition. Studies were excluded if participants had peri-menopausal status, cancer, or obesity-related co-morbidities. A recommended exercise prescription was developed based on common principles used in the included exercise interventions with greatest change in function or pain. Results Seven studies were included. Similarities in exercise intensity (40–80% VO 2max ), frequency (three times per week), duration (30–60 min), and exercise mode (treadmill, cross-trainer, stationary bike, aquatic exercise) were observed in exercise interventions that resulted in improved physical function and/or pain, compared to non-exercise control groups. Conclusion Common principles in exercise prescription for improvements in weight management, physical function and pain relief among otherwise healthy people with obesity. Exercise prescription including moderate intensity exercise for 30–60 min, three times per week can be considered an effective treatment for weight management and obesity-related musculoskeletal symptoms. Exercise should be recommended to at-risk individuals as part of secondary prevention of osteoarthritis.
Exercise prescription
Sports medicine
Weight management
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