Comparison of three DASH scoring paradigms and prevalent hypertension among older Hispanics
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The DASH diet is a widely recommended diet for individuals with hypertension. Adherence to the DASH diet has been shown to be effective for controlling hypertension, but it is unclear whether age at diagnosis and duration of hypertension have an impact on adherence to the overall diet and nutrient intake. This study examines how age at hypertension diagnosis and time since its diagnosis are associated with the DASH nutrient intake. The data come from the 2007–2008, 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 cross‐sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) method is used in order to estimate adherence to the DASH diet by age at hypertension diagnosis and time since diagnosis. The outcome is accordance with the DASH recommended intake of nine nutrients (0 to 9 point‐scale DASH score). Age at diagnosis of hypertension is significantly associated with the DASH nutrients. Older age at diagnosis is associated with significant decreases in intake of sodium, cholesterol, saturated fat, total fat, protein, calcium and magnesium and increased intake of fiber. Similarly, duration of hypertension is positively associated with intake of sodium, cholesterol, saturated fat, total fat, protein, calcium and magnesium. As a result, individuals with shorter duration are likely to have lower DASH score, and they less satisfy the DASH target score of 4.5 points. Despite the study findings that individuals with hypertension improve their diet with increased duration of disease, their diet is not still accordant to the DASH diet based on age at diagnosis and its duration. In order to achieve healthy diet and to deliver more tailored educational messages, it is important to first understand what barriers individuals with hypertension have in order to engage in healthy behaviors.
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The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is widely promoted in the USA for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure. It is high in fruit and vegetables, low-fat dairy and wholegrain foods and low in saturated fat and refined sugar. To our knowledge, the use of this dietary pattern has not been assessed in a free-living UK population.The DASH diet was adapted to fit UK food preferences and portion sizes. Fourteen healthy subjects followed the adapted DASH diet for 30 days in which they self-selected all food and beverages. Dietary intake was assessed by 5-day food diaries completed before and towards the end of the study. Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and end of the study to assess compliance to the DASH style diet.The DASH diet was easily adapted to fit with UK food preferences. Furthermore, it was well tolerated and accepted by subjects. When on the DASH style diet, subjects reported consuming significantly (P < 0.01) more carbohydrate and protein and less total fat (5%, 6% and 9% total energy, respectively). Sodium intakes decreased by 860 mg day(-1) (P < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by 4.6 and 3.9 mmHg, respectively when on the DASH style diet.The DASH style diet was well accepted and was associated with a decrease in blood pressure in normotensive individuals and should be considered when giving dietary advice to people with elevated blood pressure in the UK.
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Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) must consider multiple factors in diet planning, including glycemic control and cardiovascular disease prevention, while ensuring adequate nutrition for growth. We examined diet composition, quality, and compliance for two dietary patterns - the traditional Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and a modified version of DASH in this population.Two feeding studies were conducted. First, adolescents with T1DM consumed their usual diet for 3 days followed by traditional DASH for 6 days. Next, DASH menus were adjusted to align with T1DM nutrition guidelines, and this modified DASH for Diabetes (DASH-D) was tested on a new group of adolescents with T1DM for 6 days, following 3 days of usual diet. Usual diet was measured via 24-hr dietary recalls. Dietary composition of DASH-D was compared to DASH and usual diet. Eighteen adolescents (9/group) participated. Compared to usual diet, intake of protein, fiber, fruit, vegetables, lean meats, and low-fat dairy were higher, while saturated fat and added sugar were lower, in DASH-D. Percent energy from fat was higher, and from carbohydrate lower, in DASH-D versus traditional DASH, with food group intake reflecting these patterns. Participants consumed 87% of foods provided for DASH, and 98% of foods provided for DASH-D. In both DASH iterations, participants met national guidelines for fat, saturated fat, fiber, and fruit/vegetable intake, while usual diet fell short of these recommendations.The novel DASH-D pattern meets guidelines and may be a viable option for achieving nutrition goals for adolescents with T1DM.
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Background: International guidelines for hypertension recommend the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet based on the evidence from the United States. The guideline Japanese Society of Hypertension 2009 (JSH2009) also recommends DASH diet as high grade evidence, but DASH diet is uncommon in Japan. Methods: Traditional DASH diet is grounded on Western-style dietary habits. That explains why DASH diet cannot come into wide use. We analyzed DASH diet precisely in terms of nutritional elements and developed the Japanese-style DASH Diet. We have guided this Japanese-style DASH Diet for around 330 hypertensive patients in combination with comprehensive lifestyle modification according to JSH2009. To evaluate adherence to DASH diet, we used DASH score based on previous studies. Results: DASH diet recommends nuts, seeds, and legumes as rich sources of magnesium, but their foods like peanut butter are not popular in Japanese food culture. We recommend soybean foods like Tohu instead of them. After guidance, 40% of patients succeeded lowering blood pressure. Their patients could get good control without medications or with fewer anti-hypertensive agents. They could accept modification because our Japanese-style DASH Diet explained not only “Restricitons“ but also “ Recommendations“ in daily foods. Conclusions: Japanese foods are getting popular in many countries and recognized healthy because of low fat, rich in vegetables, favored seafood than meat. But adjustment is needed when we use Evidence Based Medicine. It is important for appropriate lifestyle modifications to understand patient's customs, especially about foods. We introduce the first Japanese-style DASH Diet in the world.References Appel LJ, et al: A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med, 336: 1117–1124, 1997 Sacks FM, et al: Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborate Research Group. N Engl J Med, 44: 3–10, 2001
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1. ABSTRACT The DASH diet is a dietary pattern designed to help treat or prevent hypertension. The diet includes foods rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium while limiting foods high in sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars. The DASH diet’s relationship with hypertension in adults is well defined, but the effect of its variance in prevalence in nursing homes on seniors is not. We performed a mixed-methods observational study incorporating a survey collecting anonymized nursing home data regarding the number of servings of various food groups provided to senior residents per day. The data were analyzed using the Fung et al. DASH diet scoring method. We then conducted an interview with nursing home dieticians to investigate the public health effect of the DASH diet on hypertension in residents. Lastly, a content analysis was performed of nursing home menus to support the data from the surveys. In a pool of 11 nursing homes, 100% of the facilities incorporated some aspect of the DASH diet, and in a pool of five nursing homes, 60% achieved high adherence to the DASH diet. We additionally confirmed a previously observed negative relationship between red meat consumption in seniors to higher risk and poorer prognosis of hypertension. These analyses bolster the DASH diet’s potential role as a hypertension prevention mechanism in nursing homes, suggesting that future DASH diet interventions may hold promise.
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Introduction: Hypertension is a widely recognized public health problem worldwide. Its further complications lead to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, retinal and renal diseases. DASH diet has been recommended to control raised blood pressure among hypertensive patients. However; limited evidence exists for it in Asian countries. This study aimed to review published research articles on DASH diet for hypertension control. Methods: Studies on hypertension and DASH diet (N=54) were searched using PubMed Central from 2012 to 2019 including all countries. The search strategy consisted of keywords "hypertension OR raised blood pressure OR blood pressure" and "Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension OR DASH diet". Whereas; no limitation was used for searching the literature and further references of the relevant studies were also analyzed. Full text articles of 31 researches were retrieved and analyzed for this review article. Results: Findings of this review suggests that DASH diet is significantly effective in lowering the blood pressure as well as for prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In addition, a low-sodium diet is beneficial for individuals and hypertensive patients in reducing CVD related events. However; evidence suggests that adherence to DASH diet for a longer duration is effective along with lifestyle modifications in the population. Conclusion: Consuming a DASH diet as recommended can be a useful preventive measure to reduce blood pressure. Country-specific dietary recommendations are thus required. DASH diet along with pharmacological therapy and lifestyle modifications are proven to be effective. Further, longitudinal studies establishing temporal associations between consumption of DASH diet and its effect on blood pressure will be essential for clinical and public health practice.
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Glucose variability (GV) independently increases risk for vascular events in patients with diabetes. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and low fat dairy and has the potential to reduce postprandial blood glucose (BG) excursions, however, its effect on GV is not known. The purpose of this work was to assess feasibility and collect preliminary data on the efficacy of the DASH diet on GV in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
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Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) eating plan is a healthy dietary pattern. Our object is to review surveys in the field of major components of DASH diet and different kinds of cancers.Our search result from PubMed search engine recruited to find related articles.Adherence to the DASH diet components was significantly related to lower prevalence of various cancers due to their high content of fiber, nutrients, vitamins, mineral, and antioxidant capacity.In this review, positive association of DASH diet components and different cancers were observed. However, the exact association of DASH with cancers should be clarified in future longitudinal studies due to potential interaction among foods and nutrients.
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