Introduction to Modern Raman Spectroscopy I‐New Raman Spectroscopic Branch Classified Based on Spectral Features
0
Citation
97
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
This chapter contains sections titled: Non-visible Excited Raman Spectroscopy Resonant Raman Spectroscopy (RRS) High-Order/Multiple-Phonon Raman Spectroscopy (MPRS) Raman Spectroscopy under Extreme Conditions Polarized Raman Spectroscopy (PRS) Time-Resolved (Transient) Raman Spectroscopy (TRRS) Space-Resolved Micro-Raman Spectroscopy and Raman Microscopy Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Near-Field Raman Spectroscopy (NFRS) Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) Non-linear and Coherent Raman Spectroscopy (NLRS) Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) ReferencesKeywords:
Coherent spectroscopy
We develop a hybrid technique for coherent Raman spectroscopy, and apply it to pyridine. The comparison with spontaneous Raman measurements shows 105-fold increase in Raman-scattering efficiency and provides an estimate for the excited coherence (~0.5×10-3).
Coherent spectroscopy
Cite
Citations (0)
Polarization-sensitive coherent antistokes Raman spectroscopy and the Raman-induced Kerr effect are considered as possible techniques for investigating Raman optical activity. Generalized nonlinear optical susceptibilities including both magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interactions are derived semiclassically. These terms can be distinguished from electric dipole terms through their particular symmetry, and several polarization configurations are discussed which seem appropriate to the study of Raman optical activity. These might constitute a convenient alternative to the conventional technique of circular differential Raman scattering for measuring this property.
Raman optical activity
Coherent spectroscopy
Cite
Citations (24)
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) was used to detect oxygen atoms (electronic Raman scattering) and oxygen molecules (rotational Raman scattering) in both hydrogen–oxygen and methane–oxygen flames. The high spectral resolution of CARS is useful for distinguishing the oxygen-atom signals from larger nearby rotational Raman signals. Saturation of the molecular CARS signal that is due to stimulated Raman scattering was observed. This effect limits the sensitivity of the CARS method.
Raman cooling
Cite
Citations (49)
Abstract Substantial progress has been made in spontaneous Raman spectroscopy by the use of lasers as a source of excitation radiation. Moreover the development of high‐power pulse lasers provided access to a new class of scattering processes‐the non‐linear Raman effects. The methodical development of the non‐linear Raman effects is now at a state whereby in special cases it is possible to obtain better spectra than with the use of spontaneous Raman scattering. This paper describes one of the non‐linear Raman effects—inverse Raman scattering—on some samples taken from two groups of technically interesting substances.
Cite
Citations (4)
We present a review of the Raman spectra of graphite from an experimental and theoretical point of view. The disorder-induced Raman bands in this material have been a puzzling Raman problem for almost 30 years. Double-resonant Raman scattering explains their origin as well as the excitation-energy dependence, the overtone spectrum and the difference between Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering. We develop the symmetry-imposed selection rules for double-resonant Raman scattering in graphite and point out misassignments in previously published works. An excellent agreement is found between the graphite phonon dispersion from double-resonant Raman scattering and other experimental methods.
Overtone
Cite
Citations (1,197)
This is the first reported observation of a second-order Raman spectrum by means of coherent Raman spectroscopy. Optically heterodyned Raman-induced Kerr-effect spectroscopy was used to study the two-phonon Raman peaks of a highly fluorescent sample of diamond with sensitivity exceeding that obtained in spontaneous scattering or other forms of coherent Raman techniques. The frequency of the one-phonon peak was measured to be 1333.1 +/- 0.5 cm(-1). The frequency of the sharp two-phonon peak was measured to be 2668.6 +/- 0.5 cm(-1), in agreement with lower-resolution spontaneous-scattering measurements.
Coherent spectroscopy
Cite
Citations (17)
Summary form only given. Sub-diffraction limited imaging schemes have become widely used in fluorescence microscopy [1]. Howaever, the need for labeling with fluorescent dyes remains a major downside of fluorescence microscopy. The size, availability, toxicity as well as photo-bleaching of the used dyes can complicate measurements [2]. In contrast, Raman imaging is inherently label-free. Unfortunately, the super-resolution schemes used in fluorescence microscopy are currently not transferable to Raman microscopy. This paper presents the development of a scheme for the suppression of coherent Raman scattering through the depletion of probe photons, inspired by the work of M. Cho et al. [3, 4], who showed the suppression of coherent Raman scattering using laser pulses at three different wavelengths and two Raman resonances. In our case, probe depletion is achieved through saturated stimulated Raman scattering in a three-beam setup with only two colors involved. Fig. 1 (a) describes the working principle: in the unsuppressed case, the combination of pump and probe pulse induces stimulated Raman scattering at the Raman resonances, leading to stimulated Raman loss (SRL) of the probe and and stimulated Raman gain (SRG) of the pump. The Raman spectrum then results from the difference between two spectra, recorded with pump on and off, respectively. In the suppressed case a second strong pump pulse, working as a depletion pulse, depletes the probe pulse via stimulated Raman scattering (SRL D ) and induces a shortage of the probe photons at the Raman resonances, saturating the stimulated Raman scattering. Thus, only a small amount of additional SRLSup is induced by the original pump. If SRL is detected in addition to the spectral change, induced by the depletion pulse, the SRL will be reduced resulting in SRL Sup <; SRL.
Cite
Citations (1)
Abstract An introduction of the fundamentals of linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy is given. The Raman effect is the result of inelastic light scattering. A small amount of the photon energy of the incident light wave is modulated by the molecular scattering system. An energy transfer occurs as a result of the coupling between the incident radiation and the quantized states of the scattering system. Depending on the coupling, the incident photons either gain or lose energy. The light, which has less energy than the incident laser light, is named Stokes–Raman scattering, and the radiation, which has more energy, is referred to as anti‐Stokes–Raman scattering. In the case of the coupling between strong laser fields and molecular vibrations the observation of nonlinear Raman effects such as hyper‐Raman scattering, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), coherent anti‐Stokes–Raman spectroscopy, the Raman gain spectroscopy, etc., is possible. Apart from theoretical aspects of Raman spectroscopy an introduction into the instrumentation of linear and nonlinear Raman techniques is provided. For linear Raman spectroscopy two alternate approaches are described: dispersive Raman and Fourier transform Raman (FT‐Raman) spectroscopy. Special Raman techniques such as micro‐Raman spectroscopy and difference Raman spectroscopy are discussed. In addition, a review of the instrumentation of several nonlinear Raman methods which are based on the second‐order (χ (2) ) and the third‐order nonlinear susceptibility (χ (3) ) is given. These methods include coherent anti‐Stokes–Raman scattering (CARS), stimulated Raman gain spectroscopy (SRGS), inverse Raman scattering (IRS), photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy (PARS), and ionization‐detected stimulated Raman spectroscopy (IDSRS).
Raman cooling
Photon energy
Cite
Citations (5)
In this review an independent method of vibrational spectroscopy, the spectroscopy of hyper- Raman scattering, is presented. The method was essentially developed and applied to study a number of physical problems. Some new possibilities for the study of material properties are demonstrated. This method is useful for the investigation of centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric crystals, glasses, liquids and gases at any conditions and under various external actions.
Cite
Citations (0)
We demonstrate broadband coherent Raman scattering (CRS) spectroscopy of liquid organic compounds at the record highest spectral acquisition rate of 50 MHz, which is 100-1000 times higher than the other high-speed CRS spectroscopy techniques.
Coherent spectroscopy
Cite
Citations (1)