Galveston Bay oyster maps. Buoy 53 to Smith Point; transect lines and reefs
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pulley ridge is a series of drowned barrier islands that extends almost 200 km in 60 100 m water depths this drowned ridge is located on the florida platform in the southeastern gulf of mexico about 250 km west of cape sable florida this barrier island chain formed during the initial stage of the holocene marine transgression these islands were then submerged and left abandoned near the outer edge of the florida platform the southern portion of pulley ridge hosts zooxanthellate scleractinian corals green red and brown macro algae and a mix of deep and typically shallow water tropical fishes this reef community is in unusually deep water and its extent and the controls on its distribution were unknown to address these questions scientists from the u s geological survey coastal and marine geology program in cooperation with scientists from the university of south florida department of marine sciences have completed a detailed mapping of the southernmost 35 km of pulley ridge the area was mapped using multibeam bathymetry sidescan sonar imagery and high resolution seismic reflection profiling to define the geologic framework on which the reef is established submersible dives remotely operated vehicle rov transects and transects of bottom photographs and video were collected to identify the corals and to map their distribution this extensive suite of data has been compiled and preliminary analysis of the data suggests that the reefs are not tied to the ridge system but instead are more broadly distributed whether reef distribution is controlled by oceanographic conditions or by subtle differences in the substrate that overlies the barrier island system is unclear and are topics of continued research
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Legare, B. and Mace, C., 2017. Mapping and classifying Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) habitat in Copano Bay, Texas, by coupling acoustic technologies.The Texas coast is characterized by an extensive array of shallow turbid embayments containing expansive oyster habitats and is home to a large Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fishery. Mapping habitats in shallow (1–10 m), turbid environments is challenging, since direct visual access to the habitats limited. To quantify the extent of habitats, the integration of remote sensing and GIS technologies is used. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department coupled two acoustic technologies (sidescan sonar and echosounder) to map habitats within Copano Bay, a 181-km2 shallow water embayment along the mid-Texas coast. Data were collected during 17 days from September 2013 to February 2014 and resulted in 159 km2 of sidescan imagery and 375 km of single beam echosounder data. Individual echosounder transmissions were segmented and processed in ArcGIS 10.1 using the "Unsupervised Classification" tool. Using the classified echosounder data to identify objects located within the sidescan imagery allows for interpolation of habitat using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Habitat Digitizer ArcGIS Extension. A total of 25.9 km2 of oyster habitat, 11.6 km2 of shell, 26.4 km2 of sand, and 95.1 km2 of mud were digitized. The resulting habitat map had an overall accuracy of 86% from ground truthing accuracy assessments. This article provides methods for combining sidescan and echosounder acoustic technologies to accurately map habitats in shallow Texas estuaries.
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apalachicola bay and st george sound contain the largest oyster fishery in florida and the growth and distribution of the numerous oyster reefs here are the combined product of modern estuarine conditions and the late holocene evolution of the bay a suite of geophysical data and cores were collected during a cooperative study by the u s geological survey the national oceanic and atmospheric administration coastal services center and the apalachicola national estuarine research reserve to refine the geology of the bay floor as well as the bay s holocene stratigraphy sidescan sonar imagery bathymetry high resolution seismic profiles and cores show that oyster reefs occupy the crests of sandy shoals that range from 1 to 7 kilometers in length while most of the remainder of the bay floor is covered by mud the sandy shoals are the surficial expression of broader sand deposits associated with deltas that advanced southward into the bay between 6 400 and 4 400 years before present the seismic and core data indicate that the extent of oyster reefs was greatest between 2 400 and 1 200 years before present and has decreased since then due to the continued input of mud to the bay by the apalachicola river the association of oyster reefs with the middle to late holocene sandy delta deposits indicates that the present distribution of oyster beds is controlled in part by the geologic evolution of the estuary for more information on the surveys involved in this project see http woodshole er usgs gov operations ia public_ds_info php fa 2005 001 fa and http woodshole er usgs gov operations ia public_ds_info php fa 2006 001 fa
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