THE DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM IN BLOOD, PLASMA, AND SERUM
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The analysis of pentamidine in whole blood, plasma, and urine by liquid chromatography is described. Extraction was made with a mixture of acetonitrile and chloroform followed by back-extraction into phosphate buffer. A reversed-phase chromatographic system with fluorescence detection was used. The precision of the method was 5–7% at the lower limit of determination (16 nmol/L in plasma and hemolyzed whole blood, 27.7 nmol/L in urine).
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Summary Two experiments are reported in which mature, castrated male sheep were used to study the effect of a change of magnesium status, as induced by a continuous intravenous infusion of magnesium, on the faecal output of magnesium. In the first experiment, three artificial diets differing markedly in fibre content but extremely low in magnesium were used and in the second experiment, natural diets of frozen grass and of hay and ground barley. With the artificial diets, unit change in plasma magnesium concentration gave the same increase in faecal magnesium output with all three diets but on average faecal magnesium output was highest for the diet containing the highest content of fibre and least for the diet containing an intermediate amount of fibre, and the differences, though small, were statistically significant. With the natural diets, there was no significant difference between diets in the increase in faecal magnesium output in response to a change of plasma magnesium concentration but the order of response was much greater than for the artificial diets. It is concluded that absorption of magnesium from the gut is depressed at high plasma magnesium concentrations.
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Magnesium exchange between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was studied in dogs using Mg 28 Cl 2 and MgCl 2 . Normal CSF/plasma magnesium ratio in this animal is 1.34. In face of a plasma magnesium concentration 300–400% of normal, the CSF magnesium only rose to a maximum of 21% above control at the end of 5.5 hr. Intravenously injected Mg 28 Cl 2 enters the CSF rapidly, reaching equilibrium within 2–3 hr. The exit rate of magnesium from the CSF has a half time of about 70 min when CSF magnesium levels are close to normal or they are greatly elevated. This rate is not affected by increasing plasma magnesium concentrations. It is concluded that an active transport mechanism is involved in transporting magnesium from blood to CSF, and that diffusion and bulk filtration are responsible for the removal from the CSF.
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An analytical method was elaborated for determination of blood zinc and magnesium based on previously known methods. Blood zinc and magnesium were determined in whole stored blood, plasma and erythrocyte mass. The results obtained by this method were compared with the results of spectrophotometry of atomic absorption (SAA). They showed a rise in the plasma zinc and magnesium levels in blood stored with ACD at +4 degrees -- +6 degrees C. during three weeks.
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