Effect of Storage Temperature and Configuration on Postharvest Quality of ‘Hukura’ and ‘Yuagari-musume’ Green Soybeans
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Abstract:
エダマメは主に夏季に栽培，収穫され気温が高いことから，収穫後に品質低下しやすい．本研究では‘ふくら’と‘湯あがり娘’を用い，種々の貯蔵温度，形態（“枝葉付き”，“枝付き”，“もぎ莢”）が収穫後のエダマメの品質に及ぼす影響を経時的に調査した．いずれの品種でも，15°C以上の貯蔵では糖含量は3時間後に収穫時の約80％以下に，遊離アミノ酸含量は6時間後に収穫時の約80％以下に減少した．常温近くで貯蔵すると3時間という非常に短い間に品質が低下することが明らかになった．しかし，10°C以下の貯蔵条件は，外観保持効果に優れ，糖含量は10時間後でも収穫時の約80％以上，遊離アミノ酸含量は24時間後でも収穫時の約80％以上保持した．低温貯蔵は品質低下抑制に非常に有効であった．枝葉付き貯蔵にも一定の品質保持効果が見られたが，貯蔵温度と時間の影響の方が明らかに大きかった．これらの結果から，エダマメを高品質に保つためには，収穫後3時間以内に10°C以下の温度に管理することが重要と考えられた．Browning
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Postharvest losses of fresh produce have always been an obstacle in agriculture. About one third of global fresh fruits and vegetables are lost because their quality has dropped below an acceptance limit. The postharvest quality and shelf life of fresh produce are also determined before harvest. However, postharvest quality is also affected by many practices during and after harvest such as temperature management, controlled and modified atmosphere, coatings, physical treatments, biocontrol, and more. This Special Issue on "Postharvest Disease Development: Pre and/or Postharvest Practices" gathers papers that deal with preharvest and postharvest factors that affect and maintain fresh produce quality after harvest.
Preharvest
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ISHS V International Symposium on Postharvest Pathology: From Consumer to Laboratory-Sustainable Approaches to Managing Postharvest Pathogens Pre- and postharvest factors determining carrot storability
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Postharvest diseases cause considerable losses to harvested fruits and vegetables during transportation and storage. How to control postharvest decay loss and prolong shelf-life has become the focus. Concerned with healthy and environment-friendly products,traditional approaches such as chemical fungicides cannot meet our need. More and more attention is paid on biocontrol agents against postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. Of them,the use of antagonistic microorganisms becomes popular which is regarded as promising alternatives to control postharvest pathogens. Nowadays,quite number of microbial antagonists has been isolated and defined as effective in postharvest disease control. This paper focuses on microbial antagonists in postharvest biological control. Possible principle of microbial antagonists was also discussed and explored new possibilities in biology control to provide reference in postharvest decay control research and commercial use.
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Cut carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus ) `White Sim' flowers from Columbia (South America), nontreated or dipped for three seconds in water or 9.5 g/1 benlate (DuPont) or 3336 (Cleary), were placed in “orchid tubes” and remained in air or were packaged in barrier bags of air or 10% CO 2 /10%O2 (80%N2). Postharvest life (days) was recorded, and the CO2, O2, and CH2=CH2 concentrations within the bags were monitored with gas chromatographs. Controls, nonsealed and in air, did not differ in postharvest life, indicating no benefit from a fungicide dip (P= 0.05). Botrytis was not observed in this test. Flowers sealed in bags did not differ in postharvest life (P= 0.05); however, when a single degree of freedom comparison was made (PR>F: 0.0001), their postharvest life was longer than controls (5.8 vs. 3.1 days). In bags, CO2 increased and O2 decreased over time, CO 2 remaining higher and O2 lower with the 10%CO2/10% O2 treatment. CH2=CH2 increased to 4 ppm over 10 days, but ppm within bag treatments did not vary on any day (P= 0.05).
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Modified atmosphere
Vase life
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Plant hormone treatments are used during crop development in the field to enhance quality and/or to delay senescence and ripening, as well as postharvest to enhance or delay ripening or even to prevent decay in fruits and vegetables. This chapter examines the major pre- and postharvest uses of plant hormones and their effect on postharvest diseases.
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