[Prevalence of asthma and respiratory diseases in schools in Bouake (Ivory Coast): preliminary results].
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Abstract:
Using an auto-administered questionnaire, a cluster sample survey was carried out in January 1990 among 2433 secondary schoolchildren in Bouake (Cote d'Ivoire). The prevalence rate of asthma was fairly high (10.8%), as well as that of wheezing (19.8%), dyspnea (42.8%), broncho-pulmonary diseases (25.8%) and smoking habit (14.5%). The results are discussed with regard to the published data.Keywords:
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目的 探讨老年哮喘患者和老年正常对照者两组人群的最大口腔吸气压(PIMAX)、最大口腔呼气压(PEMAX)、中枢呼吸驱动(P0.1)、最大通气时的中枢呼吸驱动(P0.1MAX)、中枢呼吸驱动储备(P0.1/P0.1MAX)、每分通气量(MV)校正中枢呼吸驱动(P0.1/MV)、PIMAX校正中枢呼吸驱动(P0.1/PIMAX)、有效吸气阻抗(P0.1/MIF)、吸气时间/总呼吸时间(TIN/TTOT)(也称吸气时间分数)、MV、呼吸频率(BF)、平均吸气流速(MIF)、潮气量(VT)以及4Hz振荡频率下呼吸阻力(Rfo 4Hz)的水平;并同时探讨上述呼吸驱动诸项指标与4Hz振荡频率下呼吸阻力的关系.方法 本研究纳入哮喘组118例、正常对照组120例,均为男性,年龄60～80岁,使用SPSS 10.0 for Windows对各项参数加以分析.两组之间各指标比较采用t检验,两因素之间的相关性分析采用直线相关分析.结果 哮喘患者的PIMAX和PEMAX均明显低于正常人,P0.1、P0.1/MV、P0.1/PIMAX、P0.1/MIF、P0.1/P0.1MAX均明显高于正常人;Rfo4Hz与PIMAX、P0.1及其校正指标、P0.1/P0.1MAX和P0.1/MIF均明显相关.结论 中枢呼吸驱动与气道阻力的测量对于老年哮喘患者的病情与预后有较确切的评价效果,可以有效地应用于临床.常规使用具有支气管扩张功能的药物可改善气道阻力,从而改善中枢呼吸驱动诸项指标,最终改善哮喘患者的病情与预后。
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Objective To validate the significance of forced oscillation technique(FOT) for diagnosis of asthma by using it to measure respiratory resistance of adult asthma patients and healthy subjects.Methods Respiratory resistance was measured by a hand-held FOT device for 5 adult asthma patients and 5 adult healthy subjects,respectively.The variation of respiratory resistance with time was also compared by statistical analysis.ResultsThe respiratory resistance measured by FOT varied periodically with time in all cases,with the respiratory resistance for asthma patients was(294.98±86.24) and for the healthy subjects was(151.9±39.20) Pa·s/L,respectively,showing significant differences in two groups.Conclusions FOT measurement results showed that asthma patients exhibited a greater magnitude and variability of respiratory resistance as compared to their healthy counterparts,which was in agreement with the conventional diagnosis.FOT can provide a novel method for detecting mechanical parameters of the respiratory system in clinic,and as an important reference particularly for the accurate diagnosis of lung dysfunction,such as asthma.
Forced oscillation
Respiratory physiology
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Respiratory infections have an important relationship to asthma as they provoke wheezing and increase symptoms in many patients.Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses are the principal triggers to wheezing and worsening of asthma.It has been disccused that the mechanisms,clinical picture,and treatment of asthmatics with respiratory infections.
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Background: Asthma the most common chronic condition among children is operationally defined as "recurrent wheezing and or persistent coughing in a setting where asthma is likely and other rare condition have been excluded.Bronchial asthma is prevalent worldwide, especially in developed countries where its prevalence is increasing to epidemic proportions.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of bronchial asthma among primary school children. Patients and Methods:This study was carried out on 2763 children that consisted of a representative sample of children attending eight primary schools in El Menoufiya Governorate.Four schools of them are located inside Shebin El Koum city the capital of the governorate.The other four schools are located in villages around the capital.Children were screened for chest symptoms by a questionnaire.Results: Clinical presentation of asthmatic children as cough, wheezes, dyspnea and chest tightness were the most common presenting symptoms.Also, rhinitis was the most common allergic condition that was associated with asthmatic children.Viral upper respiratory tract infection and environmental changes were the most common exacerbating factors while drugs and emotion were the least ones.Conclusion: This work highlighted on the prevalence of childhood bronchial asthma among primary school children in El-Menoufia governorate, with overall point prevalence of 6.5 %, which showed significant increase during the last 20 years as by comparing the result of our study to the result of same study in 20 years ago, which reported that the prevalence of bronchial asthma in primary school children in Menoufiya governorate was 2.2 % , as the prevalence increased by 4.3 % (Triple times) during this period.This explain the magnitude of the problem of bronchial asthma in our community.
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