Evaluation of Eco-efficiency and Effect on Environment of Remanufacturing A Case Study of CNC-remanufacturing for Used Machining Tools
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A case of remanufacturing used lathes via CNC technology is introduced, whose environmental and economic benefits are evaluated respectively. The results indicate that these environmental and economic benefits are remarkable, which are directly affected by remanufacturing design, more than 90% materials in used lathes are reused. Finally, the causes of economic and environmental benefits of remanufacturing machine tools are put forward. The remanufacturing design method, implementation procedure, and evaluation method of economic and environmental benefits presented are helpful for other equipment remanufacturing.Keywords:
Remanufacturing
Machine tool
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Different fault type and severity level of used components may be restored by different process technologies,and results in different performance of remanufacturing.Therefore,remanufacturing process technology selection can often make the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful remanufacturing system.However,there is a lack of effective decision making model for remanufacturing process technology due to varieties in fault types of used components.A decision making model for selecting a remanufacturing process technology is developed,in which both the direct benefits derived from remanufacturing process technologies and the synergetic benefits between different types of technologies.This model can be used to select the suitable remanufacturing technology portfolios with the largest benefit.Combined with practical situation of an enterprise,the model is applied to provide technical support for remanufacturing implementation.
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This chapter discusses the definitions of environmental design, design for remanufacturing (DfR), as well as a case study to demonstrate the convergent point between these topics. Many products that are currently remanufactured were not designed with this objective, generating a complicated process that requires that the manufacturing engineers develop in a corrective way, modifications in the original design of the products related to its components and the process. The case study analyzes a product that was not originally designed as remanufacturable. The decision was made to develop a reconstruction process that fulfilled the characteristics of remanufacturing. Finally, in applying the DfR, it was possible to expedite the remanufacturing so that material planners do not fear to run out of good parts and have to order the purchase of new product, decrease the use of assembly details that are purchased at a high price, and thus save on the cost of remanufacturing. Analyzing this case and applying DfR implied a savings of 37% compared to the initial process that did not apply this tool.
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The decision to include remanufacturing as part of product life cycle should be made as early as possible, as many barriers that occur during the remanufacturing process can be mitigated through proper product design at an early stage. The main objective of this research is to develop a Design for Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment (DRRA) tool to be used at early product definition stage. The design support tool will adopt the Fuzzy TOPSIS method to facilitate product design for remanufacturing from four major design perspectives, namely material selection, material joining methods, structure design and surface coating methods. Simplified Life Cycle Analysis methods have also been incorporated into the decision support tool to justify and improve the robustness of the design decision making. The utility of this tool is demonstrated using automotive parts design.
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The conception of material design and assessment for remanufacturing is discussed, and then five influence factors and index are put forward and described, such as material service life, restore ability, cost, friendly environment and modularization design and disassembly. According to these affect factors, material remanufacturing assessment model based on expert assessment method is built and a case is given, which provides the thoughts and evaluation means for equipment material design and choice for remanufacturing.
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Planning for facility‐level remanufacturing processes should ensure that the actual product is even a candidate for reuse. Principle categories addressed include the following:Whether to remanufacture the product or componentsProduct architecture guidelinesProduct maintenance and repair guidelinesDesign for reverse logisticsParts proliferation versus standardizationHazardous materials and substances of concernIntentional use of proprietary technologyInherent uncertainties
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Towards a simulation-based understanding of smart remanufacturing operations: a comparative analysis
Abstract While the majority of literature on remanufacturing operations examines an end-of-life (EOL) strategy which is both manual and mechanised, authors generally agree that digitalisation of remanufacturing is expected to increase in the next decade. Subsequently, a new research area described as digitally-enabled remanufacturing, remanufacturing 4.0 or smart remanufacturing is emerging. This is an automated, data-driven system of remanufacturing by means of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) paradigms. Insights into smart remanufacturing can be provided through simulation modelling of the remanufacturing process. While the use of simulation modelling in order to predict responses and behaviour is prevalent in remanufacturing, the use of these tools in smart remanufacturing is still limited in literature. The goal of this research is to present, as a first of its kind, a comparative understanding of simulation modelling in remanufacturing in order to suggest the ideal modelling tool for smart remanufacturing. The proposed comparison includes system dynamics, discrete event simulation and agent based modelling techniques. We apply these modelling techniques on a smart remanufacturing space of a sensor-enabled product and use assumptions derived from industry experts. We then proceed to model the remanufacturing operation from sorting and inspection of cores to final inspection of the remanufactured product. Through our analysis of the assumptions utilised and simulation modelling results we conclude that, while individual modelling techniques present important strategic and operational insights, their individual use may not be sufficient to offer comprehensive knowledge to remanufacturers due to the challenge of data complexity that smart remanufacturing offers.
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Remanufacturing
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Abstract Design for remanufacturing process (DFRP) plays a key role in implementing remanufacturing because it directly affects the performance recovery of the End-of-Life (EoL) product. Since the used parts have various failure forms and defects, these make it hard to rapidly generate the remanufacturing process scheme for satisfying the performance demand of the used product. Moreover, remanufacturing process parameters are prone to conflicts during the process of implementing remanufacturing, this leads to the failure of the remanufacturing process. For accurately generating remanufacturing scheme and solving the conflicts, an integrated design method for remanufacturing process based on performance demand is proposed, which can reuse the historical remanufacturing process data for generating the remanufacturing process scheme. Firstly, for accurately describing the performance demand, the Kansei Engineering (KE) and Quality Functional Development (QFD) are applied to analyze the performance demand data and map the demand to the engineering features. Then, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is applied to inversely generate the remanufacturing process scheme rapidly for satisfying the performance demand by reusing the historical remanufacturing process data. Meanwhile, Theory of Constraint (TOC) and TRIZ are used to identify the conflicts of the remanufacturing process and resolve the conflicts for optimizing the remanufacturing process scheme. Finally, DFRP of the saddle guideway is taken as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the result shows the design method can quickly and efficiently generate the remanufacturing process for the EoL guide rail.
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