Vertical Accuracy Simulation of Stereo Mapping Using a Small Matrix Charge-Coupled Device

At present, without ground control points (GCPs), the positioning accuracy of remote sensing images often fails to meet the growing requirements for mapping accuracy. Multi-load synergy to improve accuracy without GCPs by eliminating the impact of stereo accuracy, which is caused by on-orbit measurement error, is urgently needed to improve large-scale mapping. In this study, we analyzed error sources in stereo imaging mode and found that vertical accuracy depends on the relative accuracy of attitude during symmetric stereoscopic mapping. With the assistance of small matrix charge-coupled device (CCD) images and the block adjustment method, relative accuracy of attitude was improved, allowing for the improvement in vertical accuracy without GCPs. The simulation results show that vertical accuracy in symmetric stereo mode is not affected by attitude system error. After the restoration of imaging attitude processed by a sequence of matrix CCD images, the relative accuracy of the attitude increased, and the accuracy of the elevation without GCPs improved significantly. The results demonstrate the feasibility of small matrix CCD-assisted stereo mapping.