Transition by Intermittency in Granular Matter: From Discontinuous Avalanches to Continuous Flow

We investigate, in the rotating drum configuration, the transition from the regime of discontinuous avalanches observed at low angular velocity to the regime of continuous flow observed at higher velocity. Instead of the hysteretic transition reported previously by Rajchenbach [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 2221 (1990)], with an apparent bistability of the two flow regimes in a range of drum velocities, we observe intermittency with spontaneous erratic switches from one regime to the other. Both scenarios of transition are recovered by a model dynamic equation for the avalanche flow with two sources of stochasticity: a Langevin noise during the avalanche flow and a distributed maximal stability angle at which avalanches start.