Kinematic consistency in the knee manipulation learning: A comparison between expert and beginner therapists

ABSTRACT Objectives The objective of this study is to analyse the kinematic parameters performed during knee manipulation in order to improve the manipulative learning in future students: the kinematic differences and the consistency of the manipulations. Methods Cross-sectional study. This study compared health professionals with no experience and with more than 15 years of manipulative techniques experience, using an inertial sensor located above the tuberosity of the tibia. Outcome variables were manipulation time, peaks of displacement, angulation range, translation range and areas under the curve of the movement. Angulation data were recorded on the pitch axis, whilst the translation data were recorded on the yaw axis. A Matlab algorithm was used to identify the start and end of the manipulation. Results The expert therapist performed the technique with greater amounts of anterior and posterior tibial translation, greater area under the curve and quicker manipulation cycles were. No difference was found for variables associated with knee flexion and extension. The expert therapist showed a higher consistency during the technique execution. Conclusions Knee manipulative technique was analyzed to quantify knee movement via single inertia sensor. The results of this study suggest translation displacement and manipulation consistency have to be taken into account to design learning strategies.