Identification of flavonoid compounds and total flavonoid content from biowaste of local durian shell (Durio zibethinus)
2020
Flavonoid compound from durian shell biowaste was identified by phytochemical
assay and FTIR spectrophotometric methods. Total flavonoid content determined by the
aluminum chloride (AlCl3) method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Durian shells, which are
a waste that causes the environmental problem, can be used as a source of potentially valuable
flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid has antioxidants ability that is beneficial and useful. Durian
shell used in this research consists of three types, namely Malika, Malon, and Monti, which are
from local Indonesian durian. Based on the result, proximate test analysis showed that three local
durian shell samples generally had a water content of 7%, a fat content of 0.9%, the protein
content of 4.9%, an ash content of 8.5%, and a 78% carbohydrate content. The results of the
analysis of the three durian shell samples did not show significantly different results. Then for
the phytochemical assay, three local durian shell samples contained phenols, steroids, and
terpenoids, the results of the phytochemical assay showed that there were more phenolic groups
than the flavonoid group. The following analysis result is the functional group of three samples
using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer shows that the three types of durian
shell samples have a band that is slightly different from the standard, but the number of waves
in this band is similar to the standard quercetin. Then for total flavonoid levels in local durian
shell using the aluminum chloride (AlCl3) method, the result is Monti durian shell having higher
flavonoid levels, each 0.405 ± 0.002 mg QE/g, compared with each other shell type namely
Malika and Malon of 0.321 ± 0.003 mg QE / g and 0.324 ± 0.002 mg QE/g, respectively. Thus
in this study shows that Indonesian local durian shell contains significant total flavonoid content
without the need for extraction. Samples were only dissolved with ethanol solvent, then a series
of tests were carried out, then a series of tests were carried out, ranging from phytochemical
assessment, FTIR spectrophotometer, and AlCl3 methods to determine the total flavonoid
content through quantitative.
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