Target Based Approach A Way towards Protein Structure Determination in Drug Designing

Drug designing is a field of pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology & biotechnology by the process through which potential new molecules are identified based on target & being developed into novel compounds. Drug designing started from Serendipity to Rationality (i.e. identification of targets followed by screening of hits & optimization of hit molecules). Target is a special site for substrate or drug molecules which binds to it & leads to changes in physiological response. There are types of target for which a drug molecule can be designed. Thousands of drug molecules are been developed based on determination of targets for various diseases. Targets can be examined by use of different computational tools like X-Ray crystallography (XRC) & Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique. After the determination of target its validation is an important step to be carried out by particular bioassay. In the recent years cancer as an example has become a major cause of death for which various therapies are already available but still there is need for newer therapeutic approach in treating cancer. Identifying & determining the structure of targets in cancer cell would lead us a way towards designing drugs for cancer treatment helping in reducing the cost for therapy. The limitations in drug designing can be overcome by “Target based drug designing”. Graphical Abstract: