Mode Characteristics of Unidirectional Emission AlGaInAs/InP Square Resonator Microlasers

Mode characteristics of AlGaInAs/InP square resonator microlasers laterally confined by a bisbenzocyclobutene layer, with an output waveguide connected to one vertex or the midpoint of one side, are investigated numerically and experimentally. Numerical simulation results indicate that the square resonator with the midpoint output waveguide has a better single-mode property, but a lower mode \({Q}\) -factor than that with the vertex output waveguide. For a 20- \(\mu \) m-side-length square microlaser with a 1.5- \(\mu \) m-wide vertex output waveguide, lasing spectra with multiple transverse modes are observed with the mode wavelength intervals agreeing with the 2-D-finite difference time domain simulation results. In contrast, single-mode operation with a side-mode suppression ratio of 42 dB is obtained for a 20- \(\mu \) m-side-length square microlaser with a 1.5- \(\mu \) m-wide midpoint output waveguide. The results indicate that output waveguide can result in a mode selection in addition to realizing unidirectional emission.