МЕХАНИЗМЫ ЭНЕРГООБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗМА СПОРТСМЕНА ПРИ НЫРЯНИИ ПОДВОДОЙ В ДЛИНУ

The purpose of the given work was to estimate the energy sources of athletes-free-divers at competitive activitythat will give an opportunity to create an optimum training strategy. The methods of the research and the contingent of the testees 25 athletes-free-divers (13 males in the age of 19-42 and 12 females in the age of 19-44) took part in the research. In order to study the influence of the long-term effect of training on the organism's reaction to long breath-hold diving the athletes were divided into groups: 8 low-qualified and 5 elite male athletes (among them 2 world vice-champions), 8 low-qualified and 4 elite female athletes (among them 2 world champions). In the state of considerable rest all the athletes were examined by means of variational rhythmography. The athletes had their blood tested in the volume of 2 ml. in the state of considerable rest and 3 minutes after diving. The loading consisted in long breath-hold diving with a mono-flapper for the maximum distance with competitive (low) speed. The authors got the biochemical parameters of metabolites' concentration in blood which are the following: the parameters of glucose, triglycerides, creatine phosphokinases, lactate dehydrogenases; lactic acid, hemoglobuline and cholesterin. The results of the research. The changes in the concentration of some metabolites in the process of implementing loading depend on the athletes' qualification. The breath-hold diving causes a considerable outlet of creatine phosphokinase into the elite athletes' blood that may be caused by the activation of the phosphocreatine system of the organism's energy supply. However the decrease of this ferment's reserve is observed with low-qualified athletes. The close to the level of rest contents of glucose in the blood of low-qualified males can testify to the considerably similar rate of its arrival to the blood and speed of its use by the muscles. The greatest changes occur in the concentration of lactic acid that increases but doesn 't achieve the standard point of anaerobic exchange.