Effects of the long-term administration of nicorandil on vascular endothelial function and the progression of arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: This study compared the effects of long-term administration of nicorandil and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on vascular endothelial function and the progression of arteriosclerosis. Forty-two patients with ischemic heart disease were randomly allocated to receive nicorandil (N group; 15 mg/d) or ISDN (I group, 40 mg/d). Twelve normal subjects served as controls. Vascular endothelial function and the progression of arteriosclerosis (intima-media thickness, IMT), as determined by carotid vascular ultrasound, were assessed 1 week before and 3 months after drug administration. Reactive hyperemia was induced in the forearm for 5 minutes, and the percentage change in the diameter of the brachial artery (% change in flow-mediated dilation, %FMD) was calculated. FMD was significantly lower in CAD groups than in controls. The %FMD significantly decreased (7.2 ± 1.9 to 4.2 ± 2.8) in the I group, while rising from 6.8 ± 1.6 to 8.0 ± 2.0 in the N group. IMT increased by 0.036 ± 0.015 mm in the I group but showed no significant change in the N group (−0.01 ± 0.012 mm). Thus, ISDN deteriorates IMT and FMD, whereas a beneficial effect of nicorandil is seen on FMD with no effect on IMT. Long-term treatment with nicorandil may be desirable for prevention of cardiovascular events.