Factores asociados con rechazo a trasplante de córnea, por grupos de pronóstico

2y razon de momios. Resultados: Se estudiaron 110 ojos de pacientes entre 4 y 90 anos; 42 ojos (38.2%) correspondieron al grupo 1, 52 al 2 (47.3%), nueve (8.2%) al 3 y siete al 4 (6.4%). Pesentaron rechazo al trasplante 57 ojos (51.8%). La unica variable que mostro diferencia significativa fue la presencia de vascularizacion en 4 cuadrantes (p=0.01) razon de momios (8.82); no se encontro diferencia significativa entre la proporcion de rechazo entre grupos (p>0.05). Conclusiones: El factor asociado significativamente con rechazo a trasplante corneal fue anatomico, no etiologico; es necesario estandarizar la medicion preoperatoria de este factor para valorar su utilidad como factor predictor. Palabras clave: Pronostico, queratoplastia penetrante, rechazo, trasplante corneal. SUMMARY Purpose: To determine the risk factors for rejection in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty Materials and methods: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective, analytic and open study, of patients of the Hospital Juarez de Mexico from January 2003 to November 2006. We included patients with penetrating keratoplasty with any corneal disease, age and gender, and followed them up for 1 year. According to the diagnosis each eye was assigned to one of four groups of prognosis. The clinical characteristics of risk for rejection in eyes were identified, and the difference between proportions analyzed by rates of X 2 and odds ratio. Results: 110 eyes were evaluated; patients between 4 and 90 years old, 42 eyes corresponding to group 1 (38.2%), 52 to group 2 (47.3%), 9 to group 3 (8.2%) and 7 to group 4 (6.4%), 57 eyes had immunologic failure (54.1%). Vascularisation was the unique variable with significant difference (p=0.01) odds ratio (9.75), didn’t find significant difference in immunology failures between groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: The factor associate significantly with rejection was anatomical, not etiological. It is necessary to standardize the preoperating measurement of this factor to value its utility as a predicting factor.