Bifurcation and mixed tracking of the discrete fractional LPA model

The memory effect in fractional calculus has made it a more realistic approach for the practical modeling of real life phenomena ranging from population, electric circuits, etc. In this paper, a discrete fractional order model for the Larva–Pupa–Adult (LPA) beetle population dynamics is proposed. The bifurcation of the proposed model showed novel dynamics. The mixed tracking control of the discrete fractional order LPA model was also considered to adjust individually and independently the population of each of larva, pupa or adult.