EnhancedWidefield Quantum Sensing with Nitrogen-VacancyEnsembles Using Diamond Nanopillar Arrays
2020
Surface micro- and
nano-patterning techniques are often employed
to enhance the optical interface to single photoluminescent emitters
in diamond, but the utility of such surface structuring in applications
requiring ensembles of emitters is still open to investigation. Here,
we demonstrate scalable and fault-tolerant fabrication of closely
packed arrays of fluorescent diamond nanopillars, each hosting its
own dense, uniformly bright ensemble of near-surface nitrogen-vacancy
centers. We explore the optimal sizes for these structures and realize
enhanced spin and photoluminescence properties resulting in a 4.5
times increase in optically detected magnetic resonance sensitivity
when compared to unpatterned surfaces. Utilizing the increased measurement
sensitivity, we image the mechanical stress tensor in each diamond
pillar across the arrays and show that the fabrication process has
a negligible impact on in-built stress compared to the unpatterned
surface. Our results represent a valuable pathway toward future multimodal
and vector-resolved imaging studies, for instance in biological contexts.
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